University of Tehran Public Law Studies Quarterly 2423-8120 50 3 2020 09 22 The “Limits” and “Counter-Limits Doctrine” From The Point of View of “Dialogue Between Courts” of European Union and Institutions For Constitutional Justice of Member States The “Limits” and “Counter-Limits Doctrine” From The Point of View of “Dialogue Between Courts” of European Union and Institutions For Constitutional Justice of Member States 1117 1131 75613 10.22059/jplsq.2019.273756.1905 FA Ali Reza Jalali Assistant Prof., Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran 0000-0002-6616-7642 Mohammad Abouata Associate prof ., Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Journal Article 2019 01 13 The relationship between national and supra-national or international legal systems is one of the most important issues of public law researches. Indeed the real question is that when there is a struggle between national and international law, until what point national legal system should follow supra-national rules. In other words, we must answer the question that until what point governments are obliged to respect supra-national legal system, specially about those States who recognize the priority of international law, and if there are exceptions to this rule, overall about the safeguard of fundamental rights. In this paper we will try to find the answer, through the analysis of some sentences issued by the constitutional courts of European Union member States, with attention to the issue of “Dialogue Between Courts” of European Union and Institutions For Constitutional Justice of this supra-national organization and about the “Limits” and “Counter-Limits Doctrine”. The relationship between national and supra-national or international legal systems is one of the most important issues of public law researches. Indeed the real question is that when there is a struggle between national and international law, until what point national legal system should follow supra-national rules. In other words, we must answer the question that until what point governments are obliged to respect supra-national legal system, specially about those States who recognize the priority of international law, and if there are exceptions to this rule, overall about the safeguard of fundamental rights. In this paper we will try to find the answer, through the analysis of some sentences issued by the constitutional courts of European Union member States, with attention to the issue of “Dialogue Between Courts” of European Union and Institutions For Constitutional Justice of this supra-national organization and about the “Limits” and “Counter-Limits Doctrine”. https://jplsq.ut.ac.ir/article_75613_cb9b648f71c6b25d61ce9fb2271cb1cd.pdf