Document Type : Article

Author

Assistant Prof., Department of Law and Political Science, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran

Abstract

International law as domestic legal systems may not has a codified constitution, but it can use constitutionalist approach in reading and interpretation of its rules. This paper studied how can recognize this approach, its hidden values and legal consequences, then introduce various tools and shows that natural law has an important role in strengthening constitutional approach, also international courts can apply rational intuitionist approaches to recognize constitutional norms. This study by descriptive research method concludes that recognition of constitutional values and norms is by rereading contractual and customary norms, and it affects general reading and understanding of legal order.

Keywords

1. فارسی
الف) کتاب‌ها
1. چراغی، علی (1390). نگاهی جامع به قاعدۀ طلایی، قم: بوستان کتاب.
2. عالم، عبدالرحمن (1375). بنیادهای علم سیاست، تهران: نشر نی.
3. فلسفی، هدایت‌اله (1391). حقوق بین‌الملل معاهدات، تهران: فرهنگ نشر نو.
4. قاضی، ابوالفضل (1380). بایسته‌های حقوق اساسی، تهران: نشر دادگستر.
5. گنسلر، هری جی (1389). درآمدی جدید به فلسفۀ اخلاق، ترجمۀ حمیده بحرینی، تهران: آسمان خیال.
6. هولمز، رابرت ال (1385). مبانی فلسفه اخلاق، ترجمۀ مسعود علیا، تهران: ققنوس.
 
ب) مقالات
7. امیدی، علی (1387). «گسترش مفهومی حق تعیین سرنوشت از استقلال ملل تحت سلطه تا حق دمکراسی برای همه»، فصلنامۀ حقوق، دورۀ 38، ش 2.
8. جلالی، محمود؛ مقامی، امیر (1390). «کارکرد حقوق بین‌الملل در فرایند جهانی‌شدن حقوق»، فصلنامۀ حقوق، دورۀ 41، ش 3.
9. زمانی، سید قاسم (1377). «جایگاه قواعد آمره در میان منابع حقوق بین‌الملل»، مجلۀ حقوق بین‌المللی، ش 22.
10. شهبازی، آرامش (1391). «قانون اساسی جامعۀ بین‌المللی در محاق (تأملی در نظریه و رویه)»، پژوهش‌های حقوقی بین‌المللی، س 29، ش 46.
11. رنجبریان، امیرحسین؛ کمالی‌نژاد، حسن (1392). «آموزه‌های حقوق‌دانان بین‌المللی برجسته»، مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی، دورۀ 4، ش 2.
12. دباغ ، سروش؛ نفری، ندا (1388). «تبیین مفهوم خوبی در حکمرانی خوب»، مدیریت دولتی، ش 3.
13. کدخدایی، عباسعلی (1380). «نگرشی به ساختار دیوان دادگستری اروپایی و نقش آن در روند همبستگی اتحادیه»، مجلۀ دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران، ش 51.
14. گلنون، مایکل (1380). «پوچی قاعدۀ آمره در حقوق بین‌الملل»، ترجمۀ صابر نیاورانی، تحقیقات حقوقی، ش 49.
15. ویژه، محمدرضا (1392). «تحلیلی بر روابط دولت و نظم حقوقی»، مطالعات حقوقی دانشگاه شیراز، دورۀ 5، ش 1.
 
2. انگلیسی
A) Books
1. Alam, Abdolrahman (1996), Foundations of Political Science, Tehran, Ney Pub.
2. Arkes, Hadley (2010). Constitutional Illusions And Anchoring Truths, The Touchstone Of The Natural Law, Cambridge University Press.
3. Cheraghi, Ali (2011), A Comprehensive view on the Golden Rule, Qom, Bustan- e-Ketab (In Persian).
4. Crawford, James (2013). Chance, Order, Change, The Course Of International Law, The Hague, Academy Of International Law
5. Czapliński. Władysław (2006). “Jus CogensAnd The Law Of Treaties”. In: The Fundamental Rules Of The International Legal Order, C.Tomuschat And J.M. Thouvenin (Eds) Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill Nv
6. Falsafi, Hedayatollah (2012), International Law of Treaties, Tehran, Farhag e Nashr e Now (In Persian).
7. Fassbender, Bardo, (2007). The Meaning Of International Constitutional Law, In: Transnational Constitutionalism, International And European Perspectives, Nicholas Tsagourias (Ed), Cambridge University Press.
8. Fassbender, Bardo, (2009). The United Nations Charter As The Constitution Of The International Community, MartinusNijhof.
9. Gardbaum, Stephen,(2009). Human Rights And International Constitutionalism, In: Ruling The World? Constitutionalism, International Law, And Global Governance, Jeffrey L. Dunoff And Joel P. Trachtman (Eds), Cambridge University Press.
10. Ghazi,Abolzadzl (2001), Requirements of Constitutional Law, Tehran, Dadgostar (In Persian).
11. Pufendorf, Samuel (2009). The Elements Of Universal Jurisprudence, Liberty Fund.
12. Rawls, John (2000), The Law of Peoples, London: Harvard University Press
13. Schroder, Peter (2002). Natural Law, Sovereignty and International Law: A Comparative Perspective, In: Natural Law And Civil Sovereignty, Moral Right And State Authority In Early Modern Political Tought, Ian Hunter And David Saunders (Eds), Palgrave Mcmillan.
14. Sinclair, Ian (2002).“The Significance Of The Friendly Relations Declaration”, In: The United Nations And The Principles Of International Law, Vaughan Lowe And Colin Warbrick (Eds), London, Routledge.
15. Teson, Fernando (1998). A Philosophy of international law, Colorado: Westreview.
16.Wells, Donald A. (2005). The United Nations: States vs International Laws, New York, Algora Publishing.
 
B) Articles
17. Dabagh, Sorush and Neda Nafari (2009), Explanation of Goodness Concept in Good Governance, Journal of Public Administration, Vol 1, Issue 3 (In Persian).
18. Gardbaum, Stephen, (2008). “Human Rights as International Constitutional Rights”, EJIL, Vol 19, No 4.
19. Hall, Stephen (2001). “The Persistent Spectre: Natural Law, International Order And The Limits Of Legal Positivism”, EJIL, Vol 12, No. 2.
20. Jalali, Mahmoud and Amir Maghami (2012), THE FUNCTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION OF LAW, Law Quarterly, Vol.41, Issue 3 (In Persian).
21. Kadkhodaei, Abbasali (2000), An Attitude towards the Structure of the Court of Justice and its role in the Union's solidarity, Law Quarterly, Issue 51 (In Persian).
22. Koskenniemi, Martti (1990). “The Politics of International Law”, EJIL, Vol 1, No 4.
23. Kotzur, Markus (2012). Overcoming Dichotomies: A Functional Approach to the Constitutional Paradigm in Public International Law”, Goettingen Journal of International Law 4:2.
24. Macdonald, Ronald (1999). “The Charter of the United Nations in Constitutional Perspective”, Australian YBIL, Vol 2.
25. Omidi, Ali (2009), CONCEPTUAL EXPANSIONS OF SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLES: FROM INDEPENDENCE OF COLONIAL TERRITORIES TO RIGHT OF DEMOCRACY FOR ALL, Law Quarterly, Vol. 38, Issue 2 (In Persian).
26. Oppenheim, L. (1908). “The Science Of International Law: Its Task And Method”, AJIL. 2.
27. Peters, Anne (2009), “The Merits of Global Constitutionalism”, Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 16:2.
28. Prakash, Saikrishna (2010). “The Constitutional Status of Customary International Law”, Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy, Vol 29, No 8.
29. Ranjbarian, Amir Hossein and Hassan Kamalinejad (2014), Teachings of the Prominent International Lawyers, Quarterly of Studies of Comparative Law, Vol 4, Issue 2 (In Persian).
30. Robert John Araujo, “International Law Clients: The Wisdom Of Natural Law”, Fordham Urban Law Journal, 2000, 28:6
31. Roth, Brad R (2012). “Sovereign Equality And Non-Liberal Regims”, NYIL, Vol. 43
32. Shahbazi, Aramesh (2012), Constitutionalism in International Community: Fact or Fiction?, Quarterly of International Law Review, Vol 29, Issue 46 (In Persian).
33. Shelton, Dinah (2006). “Normative Hierarchy In International Law”, AJIL, Vol 100, No 2.
34. Thirlway, H. (1990). “The Law and Procedure Of The I.C.J.”, BYIL, 1990.
35. Vijeh, Mohammad Reza (2013), An Analysis of the Relations between Government and Legal Order, Journal of Legal Studies, Vol 5, Issue 1 (In Persian).
36. Zamani, Seyyed Ghasem (1998), The Status of Peremptory norm among the sources of international law, International Law Review, Vol 16, Issue 22 (In Persian).
 
C) Cases
37. ICJ Reports, 1986, CASE CONCERNING MILITARY AND PARAMILITARY ACTIVITIES IN AND AGAINST NICARAGUA (NICARAGUA v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA) JUDGMENT OF 27 JUNE 1986
38. ICTY, Decision On The Defence Motion For Interlocutory Appeal On Jurisdiction, Prosecutor V. DuskoTadic A/K/A "Dule", ICTY, 2 October 1995.
39. ICTY, Prosecutor v. Furundzija, No IT-95-17/1-T, para 153. (Dec, 10, 1998)
40. ECtHR, Case Of Jones And Others V. The United Kingdom, Judgement 14 January 2014.