English

2. A) Books
3. Anderson, Philip (1999), the Mariner's Guide to Marine Insurance, Nautical Institute.
4. Bockenforde, Markus (2002), "the Introduction of Alien or New Species into the Sarine Environment: a Challenge for Standard Setting and Enforcement" , Marine Issues from a Scientific, Political and Legal Perspective, edited by: Peter Ehlers, Elisabeth Maan-Borgers and Rudiger Wolfrum, Leiden Netherland, Kluwer law international, first published.
5. Bondansky, Daniel (2010), the Art and Craft of International Environmental Law, first published, Harvard college press.
6. Bower, Adam (2017), Norms without the Great Powers International Law and Changing Social Standards in World Politics, Oxford University Press.
7. Brunnée, Jutta & J. Toope, Stephen (2012), Constructivism and International Law, Cambridge University Press.
8. D'aspremont, Jean (2011), "Non-State Actors from the Perspective of Legal Positivism: the Communitarian Semantics for the Secondary Rules of International Law", Participants in the International Legal System Multiple perspectives on non-state actors in international law, Edited by Jean d'Aspremont, Routledge publisher.
9. de Souza, Rolim Maria Helena Fonseca (2008), the International Law on Ballast Water, Leiden Netherland, Martinus Nijhoff , first published.
10. Hobe, Stephan (2005), the Role of Non-State Actors, in particular of NGOs, in Non-Contractual Law-Making and the Development of Customary International Law, the development of international law: in treaty making, springer.
11. Huasheng, Hong (2006), "Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Recent Development in the Law of the Sea and China", Edited by: Myron H. Nordquist , John Norton Moore and Kuen Chen Fu, first published, Leiden Netherland, Martinus Nijhoff.
12. L. A. Hart, Herbert (2012), the Concept of Law, Oxford University Press, 3ed.
13. Moïse, Mbengue Makane (2011), "Non-State Actors in International Environmental Law A Rousseauist Perspective", Participants in the International Legal System Multiple perspectives on non-state actors in international law, Edited by Jean d'Aspremont, Routledge publisher.
14. Oral, Nilufer (2006), Protection of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, "unresolved issues and new challenges to the law of the sea", edited by: Anastasia Strati, Maria Gavouneli and Nikolaos Skourtos, first published, Leiden Netherland, Martinus Nijhoff.
15. Schaper Marcus (2009), "Non-State Environmental Standards as a Substitute for State Regulation?", Non-State Actors as Standard Setters, Edited by Anne Peters, Lucky Koechlin, Till Forster, and Gretta Fenner Zinkernagel, Cambridge University Press.
16. Trebilcock, Anne (2018), "Why the Shift from International to Transnational Law Is Important for Labour Standards", Labour Standards in International Economic Law, editted by: Henner Gott, Springer.
17. Tusikov, Natasha (2017), "Transnational Non-State Regulatory Regimes", Regulatory Theory, Edited by Peter Drahos, ANU Press.
18. Wheatley, Steven (2009), "Democratic Governance Beyond the State: the Legitimacy of Non-State Actors as Standard Setters", Non-State Actors as Standard Setters, Edited by Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin, Till Forester, and Gretta Fenner Zinkernagel, Cambridge university press.
19. Z.Tamanaha, Brian (2001), a General Jurisprudence of Law and Society, Oxford University Press.

1. B) Articles
2. B. Korobkin, Russell (2000), "Behavioral Analysis and Legal Form: Rules vs. Standards Revisited", 79 Orlando. Law. Review, 23, pp. 23-60.
3. Chul-hwan, Han (2010), "Strategies to Reduce Air Pollution in Shipping Industry", The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, Vol. 26 No. 1, pp. 7-29.
4. Friedrich, Rosenfeld (2014), "The Trend from Standards to Rules in International Investment Law and Its Impact uponthe Interpretive Power of Arbitral Tribunals", American Society of International Law, Vol.108, pp. 191-193.
5. Gilboy, Janet (1998), "Compelled Third‐Party Participation in the Regulatory Process: Legal Duties, Culture, and Noncompliance", Law and policy Denver University, Vol. 20, Issue 2, pp. 135-155.
6. R. Sunstein, Cass, (1995), "Problems with Rules", 83 University of Chicago Law SchoolChicago Unbound Law. Review, 953, pp. 953-1026.
7. Scalia Antonin (1989), "the Rule of Law as a Law of Rules", 56 University of Chicago Law. Review, pp. 1176-1188.
8. Scott, Joanne; Smith, Tristan; Rehmatulla, Nishatabbas & Milligan, Ben (2017), "The Promise and Limits of Private Standards in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Shipping", Journal of Environmental Law, pp. 231-262.
9. Sullivan, Kathleen (1993), "Foreword: The Justices of Rules and Standards", 105 Harvard. Law. Review, 22, pp. 22-124.
10. Twining, William (2003), "a Post-Westphalian Concept of Law", Law and Society, Vol. 37, Issue 1, pp. 199-258.

1. C) Documents
2. Maritime Labor Convention, 2006, as amended at (2014), (2016) and (2018).
3. Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, 1994.
4. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982.
5. OECD Recommendation of the Council on Common Approaches for Officially Supported Export Credits and Environmental and Social Due Diligence Diligence, 2012 and revised 2016.
6. OIE, Resolution XXXII, Implications of private standards in international trade of animals and animal products, 76^th General Session, 25–30 May 2008.
7. Danish Ship owners' Association, Danish Shipping, Annual Logbook, 2016.
8. SPS Committee, ‘Report of the Co-Stewards of the Private Standards E-Working Group on Action I’ G/SPS/W/276, 18 March 2014.

1. D) Websites
2. https://equator-principles.com (Accessed on 11.4.2019)
3. https://site.rightship.com (Accessed on 1.3.2019)
4. https://www.bsr.org/collaboration/groups/clean-cargo-working-group (Accessed on 3.12.2018)
5. https://www.iisd.org/business/tools/principles_ceres.aspx (Accessed on 2.3. 2019)
6. https://www.isealalliance.org/ (Accessed on 15.4.2019)
7. https://www.internationalrivers.org/resources/export-credit-agencies-and-environmental-standards-an-invitation-to-join-the-dialogue-4095 (Accessed on 10.12.2018)
8. https://www.iso.org/standard/60857.html

References in Persian

- Articles

1. Abdo'lahi, Mohsen and Abbasi, Asli, (2018), " Phenomenology of the Genesis of Soft Law in the Framework Normative System of International Law", Legal Research journal, No. 82 (In Persian).
2. Alizadeh, Masoud (2007), "New Vision to Fragmentation of International Law", Law informing quarterly, sixth year, No 12, p.p. 93-103 (In Persian).
3. Falsafi, Hedaiat'lah (2008), "confrontation of rason and reality; the matter of source (2)", Iranian International and Comparative law yearbook, No. 4 (In Persian).
4. Golshani, Esmat and Hoseini Modares, Seyed Mahdi (2015), " A Comparison of the Impact of Economic and Formalistic Interpretive Doctrines on law", HYPERLINK "https://lawecon.um.ac.ir/?lang=en" Journal Encyclopedia of Economic Law, HYPERLINK "https://lawecon.um.ac.ir/issue_4477_4479.html ?lang=en" Volume 22, Issue 7 - Serial Number 7 (In Persian).
5. Jafarzadeh darabi, Sadegh and Beigzadeh, Ebrahim (2018), "Legislative approaches typology in environment law, challenges and examples", Volume 26, Issue 99 (In Persian).