English

1. A) Books
2. Daud, Hassan (2019), International marine environmental law and policy, London: Routledge.
3. Ehrlich P. & Ehrlich, A. (1981), Extinction:The causes and consequences of the disappearance of species, Ballantine Books.
4. Kolbert, Elizabeth (2014), The sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History , Henry Holt and Co.Kindle Edition.
5. McManis, R.;,Ong Burton, Charles (2017), Handbook of Biodiversity and the Law, London, Routledge
6. Schoenbaum, J.; Thomas, K. & Young, Michael (2017), International environmental law:cases, materials, and problems, New York, Carolina Academic Pr; 3 edition.
7. Usha Tandon (2018), Biodiversity: law, policy and governance, London: Routledge.
8. Wilson, E.O. (2003), The future of life , Vintage; Reprint edition, New York.

1. B) Articles
2. Druel, E. (2011), ‘Marine protected areas in areas beyond national jurisdiction: The state of play’ IDDRI Working Paper 7
3. Elisabeth Druel, Julien Rochette, Raphaël Billé, and Claudio Chiarolla,(2013)," A long and winding road: International discussions on the governance of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction" , IDDRI Study 7/13. Paris.
4. Michael J. Adams, David A. W. Miller , Erin Muths, Paul Stephen Corn, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Larissa L. Bailey, Gary M. Fellers, Robert N. Fisher, Walter J. Sadinski, Hardin Waddle, and Susan C. Walls (2013), “Trends in Amphibian Occupancy in the United States”, Plos One Online Journal, available at http://www.plosone.org/article
5. Molenaar E. & Oude Elferink, A.G. (2009),‘Marine Protected Areas in areas beyond national jurisdiction: The pioneering efforts under the OSPAR Convention’ 5(1) Utrecht Law Review .
6. Robert K. Colwell, (2009), “Biodiversity:Consepts,Patterns and Measurement,in S.A. Levin(ed),The Princeton guide to ecology”, Princton university press.
7. Rochette J, & Chabason, L. (2011), ‘A regional approach to marine environmental protection:the regional seas experience’, in P. Jacquet, R. Pachauri, L. Tubiana (eds), A Planet for life(TERI Press).
8. Rochette, Julien; Unger, Sebastian; Herr, Dorothée; Johnson, David; Nakamura, Takehiro; Packeiser, Tim; Proelss, Alexander; Visbeck, Martin; Wright, Andrew & Cebrian, Daniel (2014),‘The regional approach to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction’ , Marine Policy,49.
9. Wilson, E.O. (1992), “ The Diversity of life” , Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
10. Wolf, E (1987), “On the Brink of Extinction:Conserving the Diversity of life” , Worldwatch paper , No.78.
11. Wright, Glen; JRochette, ulien; Unger; Sebastian; Gjerde, Kristina & Ardron, Jeff (2014), ‘The Scores at Half Time: An update on the international discussions on the governance of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction’ , IDDRI Issue Brief 2/14. Paris .
12. Wright; Glen Jeff Ardron, Kristina Gjerde & Julien Rochette (2014), ‘Advancing marine biodiversity protection through regional fisheries management: a review of high seas bottom fisheries closures’, IDDRI Working Papers.

1. C) Documents
2. Agreement Concerning the Creation of a Marine Mammal Sanctuary in the Mediterranean (25 November 1999). For information in English, see http://www.sanctuaire-pelagos.org/en
3. CBD, 2005, "Report of the First Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open- ened Working Group On Protected Areas", Montecatini, Italy, 13-17, 2005. UNEP/ CBD/WG PA/1/6.
4. Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic, entered into force 29 December 1993 (OSPAR Convention).
5. Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted 5 June 1992, in force 29 December 1993.
6. Convention on Biological Diversity, AHTEG, The Role of Protected Areas within the Convention on Biological Diversity, UNEP/ CBD/ AHTHG- PA/ 1/ INF/ 1, 6 June 2003.
7. Convention on Biological Diversity, COP Decision VIII/24, Protected Area, UNEP/ CBD/ COP/ DEC/ VIII/ 24, 15 June 2006.
8. Convention on the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pollution, 1976; amended in 1995 and renamed Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean.
9. Decisions Adopted by the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity at its fourth meeting(4-15 May1998)
10. FAO website: http://www.fao.org/fishery/topic/4400/en (last accessed 26 May 2015).
11. General Assembly Resolution 17.38 of 1988, re-affirmed by Resolution 19.46 of 1994.
12. http://www.repcet.com/docs/SE_2014_01_03_Pres-REPCET_en.pdf
13. http://www.sanctuaire-pelagos.org/en/about-us/management-plan
14. IMO, Revised guidelines for the identification and designation of Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs), 2005; A.982(24).
15. ISA, Decision of the Council of the International Seabed Authority relating to amendments to the Regulations on Prospecting and Exploration for Polymetallic Nodules in the Area and related matters. 2013; ISBA/19/C/17; Section V.31.6.
16. ISA, Decision of the Council relating to an environmental management plan for the Clarion-ClippertonZone.2012.ISBA/18C/22. https://www.isa.org.jm /files/documents/EN/18Sess/Council/ISBA-18C-22.pdf
17. Palitha T B Kohona and LiesbethLijnzaad , Letter dated 30 June 2011 from Co-Chairs of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to the President of the General Assembly , A/66/119 , United Nation General Assembly,66 sess , Item 77(a) of the preliminary list (30 june 2011)(2011 BBNJ report).
18. Palitha T B Kohona and LiesbethLijnzaad , Letter dated 30 June 2011 from Co-Chairs of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to the President of the General Assembly , A/66/119 , United Nation General Assembly,66 sess , Item 77(a) of the preliminary list (30 june 2011)(2011 BBNJ report)para 8. see section 3.3.2.1 of chapter 3 for a detailed legal definition and explanation of biodiversity.
19. Palitha T B Kohona and LiesbethLijnzaad , Letter dated 5 May 2014 from Co-Chairs of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to the President of the General Assembly , A/69/82 , United Nation General Assembly,69sess , Item 75(a) of the preliminary list (5 May 2014)
20. Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Biological Diversity in the Mediterranean (adopted 10 June 1995, entered into force 12 December 1999).
21. Sabine Christiansen, ‘Background document for the High Seas MPAs: Regional Approaches and Experiences side event at the 12th UNEP Global Meeting of the Regional Seas Conventions and Action Plans, 20th of September 2010’ (WWF Germany 2010).
22. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity , “ Global biodiversity Outlook 4 “ (Report ,CBD,2014)
23. UN, ‘The Future We Want’ (2012)
24. UNEP/MAP, Report of the twelfth ordinary meeting of the Contracting Parties to the Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution and its protocols, Monaco; 14–17 November, 2001, UNEP(DEC)/MED IG.13/8, 30 December 2001, Annex IV.
25. United Nation Convention on Law of the Sea(UNCLOS),1982
26. United Nations, 2006."Report of the Ad Hoc Open- ended Informal Working Group to Study Issues Relating to the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity Beyond Areas of National Jurisdiction," A/ 61/ 65
27. World Wildlife Federation ,The living Planet Report(2016),available at www.worldwildlife.org

Refences In Persian:

- Treatise

1. Firouzpour, Kosar,(2019) Conservation and Sustainable use of Marine Biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Doctoral thesis in International Law, Law faculty, University of Tehran, Iran (In Persian).