Public Law Studies Quarterly

Violation of International Rules by the Iraqi Government in the Assassination of General Qassem Soleimani

Document Type : Article

Authors

Hojjatollah Ebrahimian 1
Mohammad hussien Sarmadi 2

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran

2 Ph.D In Public Law, Department of Humanities, Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jplsq.2022.339540.3040
Abstract
At 1:07 a.m. on January 13, 2018, the United States Army assassinated Lieutenant General Qassem Soleimani, Abu Mehdi Al-Muhandis and other companions in an operation called Azarakhsh Kobood on the orders of Donald Trump. This paper tries to analyze the uncertainties related to the justifications of the United States in the assassination of Lieutenant General Qassem Soleimani, Martyr Abu Mahdi Al-Muhandis and other companions from the perspective of international law, using international principles and instruments on various issues of terrorist acts and the justifications of the American government in the assassination of Lieutenant General Soleimani, and to the questions related to whether the action of the United States is justified in the principles of legitimate defense, was it in accordance with international treaties? Using a descriptive-analytical method, based on library resources, the violation of international rules and the sovereignty of the Iraqi government in the martyrdom of Lieutenant General Qassem Soleimani has been investigated. As a result, the action of America in the assassination of Lieutenant General Hajj Qassem Soleimani, citing international principles and documents, while violating the sovereignty of the Iraqi government, is not justified and legitimate.

Keywords

international documents and principles
American terror
Iraqi sovereignty
the martyrdom of General Qassem Soleimani
Subjects

  1.  English

    1. Henkin, L. (1987). The International Bill of Rights: The Universal Declaration and the Covenants, in International Enforcement of Human Rights 6–9, Bernhardt and Jolowicz, eds.
    2. Alfredsson, G. (1999). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: a common standard of achievement. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
    3. Gerard Challand & Arnaud Blln (2007). The History of Terrorism: From Antiquity to Al Qaeda. Translated by Edward Schneider, kaathryn pulver and Jesse Browmer, university of california press.
    4. Amnesty International (2001). Israel and the Occupied Territories-state Assassination and other Unlawful Killings.
    5. Noami R-A. (2009). Prosecuting Genocide in Guatemala: The Case Befor the Spanish Courts and the Limits to Extradition.Center for Global Studies, working paper No. 2 (spring 2009),- Bader M., The Israel policy: Targeted killing for preventive self-defense or Extra-Judicial Execution. ILSP Law Journal, 1(1), 1-11.
    6. Weibe M. (2003). Comment: Assassination in Domestic: The Central Intelligence Agency, State – Sponsored Terrorrism and the Right of Self-Defense. Tulsa Journal of Comparative and International Law, 11 .

     

    References in Persian:

    1. Aghajani, H. (2008). UAV use in military operations. Defense and Security Studies Quarterly, 16th year (In Persian).
    2. Armai, T. (1378). War drone: technology and war in the modern era. translated by Hassan Shokohi, Strategic Attitude Monthly, 99 (In Persian).
    3. Dolatshah, H. (2009). Charter of the United Nations. Tehran: Majd (In Persian).
    4. Eckhorst, M. (1997). Modern International Law. translated by Bahman Aghaei, Tehran: Office of International Services of the Islamic Republic of Iran (In Persian).
    5. Gandhamkar, A. (2014). Terrorism and the Current World System with Emphasis on International Law. Tehran: Hormazd Publishing (In Persian).
    6. Hatchertz, J.., & Duswaldbeck, L. (2008). Customary International Humanitarian Law, Vol.1: Rules, translated by the Office of International Affairs of the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the International Committee of the Red Cross, Majid Publications, first edition (In Persian).
    7. Kargari, Nowruz (1392). The subject of terrorism. Second edition, Tehran: Mizan publication (In Persian).
    8. Kazemi, A. A. (2014). Methodology of International Law. Tehran: Qoms Publishing (In Persian).
    9. Navadeh Topchi, H. (2015). Introduction to International Aviation Law. Tehran: Khorsandi Publications (In Persian).
    10. Obedience, J., & Dabiri, A.A. (2015). Terrorism Spatial Dimensions and Global Reflections. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press (In Persian).
    11. Political murder, murder, assassination; Source: word selection group. "Farsi". in the same. The second office. Dictionary of words approved by the academy. Tehran: Persian Language and Literature Academy Publications (In Persian).
    12. Razipour, F. (2017). International Law and Exploitation of Outer Space (In Persian).
    13. Salahi, Sohrab (2016). America and terrorism. Tehran: Pajhwok Adalat (In Persian).
    14. The research group of the institute and a group of Arab writers, Seyyed Qasem Zamani, Javad Asghari, Seyed Gholamreza Tahami, Abolfazl Taqipour, Mohammad Reza Belwardi (2006). Terrorism and International Law. Tehran: Andishe Sazan Noor Institute of Studies (In Persian).
    15. Translated by Dr. Najhandi Menesh, Haibatullah-Babaei, Youssef-Yagoubi, Ismail (2015). Collection of International Judicial Law Documents, Tehran: Khorsandi Publications (In Persian).
    16. Ziyai Begdali, M. R. (2004). International Humanitarian Law. Tehran: Ganj Danesh Publications, fifth edition (In Persian).
Public Law Studies Quarterly
Volume 54, Issue 2 - Serial Number 38
Summer 2024
Spring 2024
Pages 1071-1089

  • Receive Date 22 February 2022
  • Revise Date 23 February 2022
  • Accept Date 11 September 2022

Home

Journal Process Ethics

Peer Review Process

Submission

Indexing and Abstracting

Contact Us