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The Historical Challenges of Realizing the Right to Democracy: The Theoretical Disputes of the Elits

Document Type : Article

Author

Assistant Prof., Department of Public Law, University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Democracy is one of the oldest social, political and legal theories of mankind which has always seen its opponents and proponents. From a type of political system to a human right despite all the oppositions, the theoretical disputes over democracy has always persisted in different schools of thought which in turn has exposed the realization of democracy with serious challenges. Of the theoretical opponents of democracy, one can refer to the elitism. The present study will address the theoretical aspects of such opposition by elitists, based on the hypothesis of the historical challenges of democracy and the realization of the right to democracy which has been argued by certain conventional and modern elitists. The conclusion of the study shows the challgnges faced by democracy on the path of its realization and the right to democracy versus the arguments raised by its opponents.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. English

    1. A) Websites
    2. World Conference on Human Rights, Vienna Declaration and Program of Action, General Assembly, A/CONF.157/23, 12 July 1993, available at: http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(symbol)/a.conf.157.23.en
    3. United Nations General Assembly Resolution”, no. 2625, 24 October 1970, available at: http://www.daccessdds.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/348/90/IMG/NR034890.pdf?OpenElement

    References In Persian:

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    1. B) Articles
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    1. C) norms & Documents

    C-1) Norms

    1. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
    2. Convention on the Political Rights of Women
    3. covenant on civil and political rights
    4. Declaration On Principles of International Law Friendly Relations and Co-Operation Among States in Accordance with The Charter of the United Nations.
    5. international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights
    6. The International Convention On the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
    7. United Nations Charter
    8. universal declaration of human rights

     

    C-2) Documents

    1. World Conference on Human Rights, Vienna Declaration and Program of Action, General Assembly, A/CONF.157/23, 12 July 1993, available at: http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/(symbol)/a.conf.157.23.en
    2. United Nations General Assembly Resolution”, no. 2625, 24 October 1970, available at: http://www.daccessdds.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/348/90/IMG/NR034890.pdf
Public Law Studies Quarterly
Volume 54, Issue 2 - Serial Number 38
Summer 2024
June 2024
Pages 1321-1343
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 20 September 2021
  • Revise Date: 30 March 2022
  • Accept Date: 18 April 2022
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