Public Law Studies Quarterly

Labor Dispute Resolution Under the Iranian and American ‎Litigation Systems in Light of ILO Standards

Document Type : Article

Authors

Aminallah Paknejad 1
Vali Rostami 2

1 Ph.D. Student in Public Law, Department of Public and International Law, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Law, Imam sadiq university, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor of Public Law, Department of Public law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jplsq.2021.310182.2565
Abstract
Labor litigation, considering its economic-legal nature, has its own specific requirements. Government intervention in regulating the relationship between workers and employers, as well as the extensive economic impacts of labor law, necessitate the design of a litigation system aimed at fostering economic growth and ensuring the continuation of both groups. The International Labour Organization (ILO) has articulated norms and rules in this area that can guide countries. Additionally, it is essential to draw on the experiences of leading countries in regulating labor relations (including the United States) to improve our country's labor litigation system. Therefore, the question arises: how can the stated norms be utilized to enhance our country's labor litigation system? The authors, using a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative approach, have initially attempted to identify the ILO's norms regarding labor litigation (in three areas: the use of alternative dispute resolution methods, specific principles of collective claims, and principles related to the participation of the parties) and examine how these norms are implemented in both Iran and the United States. In the US, the first two factors benefit from the extensive use of alternative dispute resolution methods and mechanisms for settling collective claims, which can help address the weaknesses in the Iranian labor litigation system. However, this does not adequately guarantee the third norm namely, the participation of the parties.

Keywords

American labor law
‎International Labor ‎Organization
Iranian ‎labor law
labor litigation.‎
Subjects

  1. English

    1. A) Books
    2. Ballot, M. (1992). Labor Management Relations in a Changing Environment. New York: Wiley and Sons.
    3. Donovan, P., & Oumarou, M. (2013). Labour Dispute Systems: Guidelines for improved performance. Turin: International Training Centre of the International Labour Organization.
    4. Ebisui, M., Cooney, S., & Fenwick, C. (2016). Resolving individual labour disputes: a comparative overview. Geneva: International Labour Office.
    5. Eaton, Adrienne E., & Jeffrey H. Keefe (1999). Introduction and Overview. In, Employment Dispute Resolution and Worker Rights in the Changing Workplace. Adrienne E. Eaton and Jeffrey H. Keefe. Champaign, IL: Industrial Relations Research Association. 1–26.
    6. Elkouri, Frank, & Elkouri, Edna Asper (1985). How Arbitration Works. Washington D.C: Bureau of Nationnal Affairs.
    7. Estlund, C. (2014). Employment rights and workplace conflict: A governance perspective. in (eds): The Oxford handbook of conflict management in organizations. Roche, P. Teague and A. Colvin. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 53–78.
    8. Feuille, Peter (1999). Grievance Mediation. In Employment Dispute Resolution and Worker Rights in the Changing Workplace. Adrienne E. Eaton and Jeffrey H. Keefe. IL: Industrial Relations Research Association. 187–217.
    9. Foley, Kevin, & Cronin, Maedhbh (2015). Professional Conciliation in Collective Labour Disputes; A Practical Guide, ILO Decent Work Technical Support Team and Country Office for Central and Eastern Europe. Budapest: ILO.
    10. International Labour Office, Governance and Tripartism Department (Governance) (2015). collective bargaining: a policy guide, conditions of work and equality department (workquality). Geneva: ILO.
    11. International Labour Office (2007). Collective Dispute Resolution – European and ILO Perspectives. Nicosia.
    12. International labour office (1980). conciliation and arbitration procedures in labour disputes; a comparative study. Geneva: ILO.
    13. Katz, H., Kochan, T., & Colvin, A. (2017). An introduction to U.S. collective bargaining and labor relations. New York: Cornell University Press
    14. Katz, H. C., Kochan, T. A., & Colvin, A. J.S (2015). Labor relations in a globalizing world. New York: Cornell University Press.
    15. Rules of The Game (2014). A brief introduction to international labour standards. Geneva: International Labour Organization.
    16. Weil, D. (2014). The fissured workplace: Why work became so bad for so many and what can be done to improve it. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
    17. Wheeler, H. N., Brian S. K., & Douglas M. M. (2004). Workplace Justice Without Unions. Kalamazoo. MI: Upjohn Institute.

     

    1. B) Articles
    2. Bingham, L. B. (2004). Employment Dispute Resolution: The Case for Mediation. Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 22 (1–2) 145–174.
    3. Brown, C. (2012). comprative alternative dispute resoulotion for individual labor disputes in japan, china and the united stste. st. John’s law review, 86.
    4. Budd, W., & Colvin, A. J. S (2008). Improved Metrics for Workplace Dispute Resolution Procedures: Efficiency, Equity, and Voice. Industrial Relations, 47 (3).
    5. Colvin, A. J. S (2003). Institutional Pressures, Human Resource Strategies, and the Rise of Nonunion Dispute Resolution Procedures. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 56 (3), 375–392.
    6. Colvin, A.(2012). American workplace dispute resolution in the individual rights era. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(3), 459–475.
    7. Compa, L. A. (2014). An overview of collective bargaining in the United States. Cornell University ILR School, available at DigitalCommons@ILR: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/articles/912.
    8. Connors, K., & Bashore-Smith, B. (1991) Employment Dispute Resolution in the United States: An Overview. Canada-United States Law Journal, 17.
    9. Feuille, P., & Denise R. C. (1995). Looking Fair or Being Fair: Remedial Voice Procedures in Nonunion Workplaces. Journal of Management, 21(1), 27–42.
    10. Lewin, D (2005). Unionism and Employment Conflict Resolution: Rethinking Collective Voice and Its Consequences. Journal of Labor Research, 26 (2), 209–239.
    11. McCabe, D. M., & David Lewin (1992). Employee Voice: A Human Resource Management Perspective. California Management Review, 34 (3), 112–123.

     

    Websites

    1. https://www.fmcs.gov
    2. https://www.nlrb.gov

     

    References In Persian:

    1. A) Book

    1.Abadi, S. R. (2013). Decent Work In Iran. Tehran: Mizan (In Persian).

    1. Bratinia, M. (2003). New Perspectives On Labor Law. Tehran: Fekrsazan Publications (In Persian).
    2. Rasaeinia, N. (2000). Labor Laws. Tehran: Avai Noor Publications (In Persian).
    3. Perrot, R. (2003). Judicial Institutions In France. Translated By Shahram Ebrahimi, Abbas Tadaion, Gholam Hassan Koshki, Qom: Salsabil Publications (In Persian).
    4. Araghi, S. E.(2014). Labour Law. Vol. 2, Tehran: Samt (In Persian).
    5. Araghi, S. E., & Ranjbaran, A. H., (2012). Evolution Of International Labor Law. Tehran: Labor And Social Security Institute (In Persian).
    6. Ghobadi, H. (2013). Labor Procedures Law. Second Edition. Tehran: Jangal, Javdane (In Persian).
    7. Layeghmand, M. (2010). Labor Laws; Iran's Labor Litigation. Tehran: Javdane, Jangal.
    8. Hashemi, S. M. (2016). Labor Laws. Tehran: Mizan (In Persian).
    9. Rostami, V., Aghaeitogh, M., & Lotfi, H. (2008). Fair Trail In Iranian Administrative Tribunals. Tehran: Gerayesh (In Persian).
    10. Hamedani, A. (2002). Rules Of Procedure Of Labor Dispute Resolution Authorities. Second Edition. Tehran: Labor And Social Security Institute (In Persian).

     

    1. B) Articles
    2. Abadi, S., & Agah, V. (2009). Minimum Wage System In Iran And The United States. Journal Of Legal Research, (52), 196-198 (In Persian).
    3. Bagheri, M. (2007). The Limits Of The Freedom Of Litigants In Determining International Jurisdiction. Private Law Studies Quarterly, 37 (3), 29-62 (In Persian).
    4. Tavassoli Jahormi, M. (2001) And (2002). An Overview Of Alternative Dispute Resolution In The Icc New Rules, International Law Review An Academic Journal, (26 And 27), 365-382 (In Persian).
    5. Rostami, Vali, & Akhundi, Faezeh (2016). Legal Analysis Of Executive Methods Of Government Intervention In Labor Relations In Iran's Labor Law. Public Law Inquiries, (1), 36-62. (in Persian)
    6. Rostami, V., & Akbari, E. (2019). An Investigation Into The Legal Pathology Of Labour Procedures In Iran. Public Law Studies Quarterly, 50 (1), 79-98 (In Persian).
    7. Mahmoodi, J. (2005) And (2006). Differentiation Of The Jurisdiction Of Employer-Employer Dispute Resolution Authorities And Judicial Authorities. Bi-Quarterly Specialized Journal Of Public Law And Human Rights, (2 And 3) (In Persian).
    8. Mojtahedi, M. R. (2006). Legal Procedures Relating To Prevention Firing Workers In 'England And Their Comparison With The Iranian Ones. Law And Political Science Faculty Journal, (74), 349-375 (In Persian).

    8- Hadi, S., & Hajipour, M. (2016). Dispute Resolution Procedures In Contract Construction: From Iran’s Legal And Imamiyeh Fiqh Perspectives. Jurisprudence And Bases Of Islamic Law Quarterly. 9 (1), 110-87 (In Persian).

    9- Hashemi, S. M. (1991). A View On The New Labor Law Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran. Supplement To The Journal Of Legal Research (9) (In Persian).

    1. Hamedani, A. (1992). Generalities Of Labor Law. KaroJamia, (43), 14-17 ((In Persian).
Public Law Studies Quarterly
Volume 54, Issue 4
Winter 2025
Autumn 2024
Pages 2323-2343

  • Receive Date 26 September 2020
  • Revise Date 03 October 2021
  • Accept Date 19 December 2021

Home

Journal Process Ethics

Peer Review Process

Submission

Indexing and Abstracting

Contact Us