The Frankfurt School, a review of Marxism and a critique of the capitalist state; Emphasizing Habermas's theories

Javid, Mohammad Javad; Sajadi, Sajad

doi:10.22059/jplsq.2022.339870.3044

Document Type : Article

Authors

Mohammad Javad Javid ¹
sajad sajadi ²

¹ Prof, Faculty of law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² Assistant Pro, Faculty of law and Political Science, University of Chamran martyr of Ahwaz University, Ahvaz, Iran

10.22059/jplsq.2022.339870.3044

Abstract

Jürgen Habermas is one of the most prominent thinkers of the Frankfurt School, who tried to reconstruct Marxism with a Hegelian reading and to elevate the critical school. Like Marx, he believed in the foundations of modernity and the resulting rationalism; But he saw modernity as an unfinished project. He believed that in the capitalist mode of production a new form of law and justice was formed and independent public sphere institutions emerged; But in late capitalism, government interference in private affairs and the dissolution of society within the state led to the decline of the public sphere, and public institutions found a consultative position. So much of Habermas's thinking was devoted to proposing the theory of "communicative action" to reconstruct the public sphere; Because it is only in the public sphere that rationality is found that true democracy is formed. Habermas proposes a legal theory of rule-of-law democracy based on ethics, politics, and the rights of dialogue. Habermas's starting point in the theories of law and dialogue is the presentation of a plan for the creation of real and legal equality of citizens, which begins with a critique of the two paradigms of bourgeois liberalism and social welfare. This article seeks to prove by descriptive-analytical method that in the critique of Habermas capitalism, like Marx, he has not been able to present a pragmatic theory and has distanced himself from the just discourse of Marxism.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Public Law

References

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The Frankfurt School, a review of Marxism and a critique of the capitalist state; Emphasizing Habermas's theories

References

References

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript Available Online from 22 September 2024

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 22 September 2024