Document Type : Article
Author
Faculty member of Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Abstract: The constitution theory of Carl Schmitt has a complex nature, which is especially complicated by considering the centrality of the political theology in his intellectual system as a whole. The significance of addressing the most important legal work of Schmitt (Constitutional Theory) is due to the fact that the understanding of The political theology (1922) and The Concept of the Political (1932) remains incomplete without understanding his basic orientation in the Constitutional Theory. Understanding “the constitutional doctrine” sheds a light on Schmitt's entire project and can be a basis for evaluating the role that the theological element plays in that endeavor. The question that arises is whether the reliance of Schmitt's Constitutional Theory and The Concept of the Political on a theological reading originates from an essentially transcendental orientation? Does the mere theological nature of Schmitt's arguments in defense of the doctrine of “the constitutional” and concept of “the political”, which are closely connected with each other, indicate the transcendental characteristic of his position? Reflecting on the various dimensions of the Schmitt's argument shows that his position, despite relying on the theological reading, in the final analysis is immanent and non-transcendental. This point is especially clear when we compare Schmitt's position with those of Arendt on the one hand and Eric Voegelin and Leo Strauss on the other.
Keywords
- Schmitt
- constitutional theory
- political theology
- the transcendental
- the immanent
- concept of the political.
Main Subjects
- فارسی
الف) کتاب‌ها
- اشتراوس، لئو (1396). مقدمه‌ای سیاسی بر فلسفه. ترجمة یاشار جیرانی، تهران: آگه.
- اشمیت، کارل (1397). لویاتان در نظریة دولت تامس هابز: معنا و شکست یک نماد سیاسی. ترجمة شروین مقیمی، تهران: پگاه روزگار نو.
ب) مقالات
- غمامی، محمدمهدی؛ عزیزی، حسین (1395). تحلیل انتقادی رویکردهای اثباتی به قانون: بررسی موردی دیدگاه‌های هانس کلسن و هربرت هارت. مطالعات حقوق عمومی، 46(1)، 139-159.
- مرادخانی، فردین (1400). مفهوم قانون اساسی در اندیشة کارل اشمیت. مطالعات حقوق عمومی، 51(2)، 675-694.
- انگلیسی
- A) Books
- Arendt, H. (1998). The Human Condition. The University of Chicago Press.
- Augustine (1962). City of God (Books I-VII). Translated by Demetrius B. Zema and Gerald Walsh, The Catholic University of American Press.
- Gillespie, M. (2008). The Theological Origins of Modernity, The University of Chicago Press.
- Hobbes, T. (1840). An Answer to Bishop Bramhall’s Book Called “The Catching of Leviathan”. in The English Works of Thomas Hobbes, Vol. 4, London, John Bohn.
- Jay, M. (1985). Permanent Exiles: Essays on Intellectual Migration from Germany to America. Columbia University Press.
- Kalyvas, A. (2008). Democracy and Politics of Extraordinary: Max Weber, Carl Schmitt and Hanna Arendt. Cambridge University Press.
- Kelsen, H. (1967). Pure Theory of Law. Translated by Max Knight, University of California Press.
- Kelsen, H. (1991). General Theory of Norms. Translated by Michael Hartney, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
- Locke, J. (1999). The Reasonablaness of Christianity as Delivered in the Scriptures, Clarendon Press Oxford.
- Meier, H. (2006), Carl Schmitt and Leo Strauss: The Hidden Dialogue, Translated by Harvey Lomax, The University of Chicago Press.
- Pangle, Thomas (2003). Political Philosophy and the God of Abraham. The John Hopkins University Press.
- Schmitt, C. (2007). The Concept of the Political. Translated by George Schwab, The University of Chicago Press.
- Schmitt, C. (2006). Political Theology: Four Chapters of Sovereignty. Translated by George Schwab, The University of Chicago Press.
- Schmitt, C. (2008 a). Constitutional Theory. Translated by Jeffery Seitzer, Duke University Press.
- Schmitt, C. (2008 b). Political Theology II: The Myth of the Closure of any Political Theology. Translated by Michael Hoelzl and Graham Ward, Politiy Press.
- Strauss, L. (1965), Natural Right and History. The University of Chicago Press.
- Schupmann, B., A (2017). Carl Schmitt's State and Constitutional Theory: A Critical Analysis. Oxford University Press.
- Voegelin, E. (1987). The New Science of Politics. The University of Chicago Press.
- B) Articles
- Gontier, T. (2013). From "Political Theology" to "Political Religion": Eric Voegelin and Carl Schmitt. in The Review of Politics, 7(1), 25-43.
- Herrero, M. (2023). Carl Schmitt’s Political Theology of Revolution. Open Theology, 9(1), 1-21.
- Kateb, G. (1987). Death and Politics: Hannah Arendt's Reflections on the American Constitution. Social Research, 54(3), 605-616.
- Oakeshott, M. (1946). Introduction. in the Leviathan or the Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth. Edited with an Introduction by Michael Oakeshott, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
- Seitzer, J., & Thurnhill, C. (2008). An Introduction to Carl Schmitt’s Constitutional Theory: Issues and Context. in Carl Schmitt, Constitutional Theory, Translated by Jeffery Seitzer, Duke University Press, 2008.
- Strauss, L. (2007). Notes on The Concept of the Political. in Carl Schmitt. The Concept of the Political, Translated by George Schwab, The University of Chicago Press.
- Voegelin, E. (2002). Die Verfassungslehre von Carl Schmitt”: Review essay of Verfassungslehre. in The Collected Works of Eric Voegelin. Edited and Translated by Jodi Cockerill and Barry Cooper, (13), University of Missouri Press.
)