Public Law Studies Quarterly

A Comparative Study of Institutions and Methods for Regulating the Protection of Children Against Social Media Harms in Iran, the United Kingdom, and the United

Articles in Press

Document Type : Article

Authors

Mohammad sadegh Farahani 1
Bita Khosravi 2
Maedeh Hashemkhani 2
Fereshteh Halvaei 2

1 Post-doctorate in technology law, Tarbiat Modares University and Deputy Director of Legal and Parliamentary Affairs, National Cyberspace Center,Tehran, Iran

2 Law undergraguated student faculty of social and economic sciences Alzahra UniversiTehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22059/jplsq.2025.370480.3459
Abstract
The regulation of social media content has become increasingly significant in an era where individuals' lives are deeply intertwined with a multitude of media. This issue is particularly crucial when it comes to children and adolescents, who, for various reasons, require additional protection. This study, employing library research methods and adopting a descriptive-analytical approach with a comparative perspective, seeks to answer the question of what principles should govern the regulation of protection for children against the harms of social media. By examining the regulations of the domestic legal system and comparing them with those of two leading legal systems in this field—namely the United Kingdom and the United States—it concludes that despite differences, certain principles are commonly utilized by regulatory bodies in all three countries. These include "regulating advertising," "designing age classifications," "establishing ethical restrictions," and "protecting children's privacy."

Keywords

Regulation
Media
Child
Adolescent
United States
United Kingdom
Subjects

  1. English

    1. A) Books
    2. Creech.K.C.(2013). Electro media law and regulation. 6th edition, Newyork:Routledge. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4324/9780203114124
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    1. B) Websites
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    10. Federal Trade Commission Act. (2023, December 16). Retrieved from Federal Communications commission: http://www.ftc.gov
    11. Telecommunications Act of 1996. (2023, December 16). Retrieved from Federal Communications Commission: http:// fcc.gov
    12. (2023, december 16). Motion Picture Association FilmRating System. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association
    13. Motion Picture Association. (2023, December 17). Retrieved from Motion Picture Association: http:// motionpictures.org
    14. The Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996. (2023, December 17). Retrieved from: http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu
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    17. The American with Disabilities Act of 1990.(2024, 3 july).Retrieved from: http://www.ada.gov/law-and-regs/ada/.
    18. Chilldren with Disabilities (2024, 3 july).Unicef data.retrieved from: http://data.unicef.org/topic/child-disability/overview/

     

    References in Persian:

    1. A) Books

    1.Ansari, B. (2017). Media rights. 11thedition, Tehran: Organization for the study and editing of University humanities books (In Persian).

    1. Imamian, S. M. S. (2022). Regulating; notes on media regulation. first edition, Tehran: Seyed Mohammad Sadeq Emamian (In Persian).

     

    1. B) Articles
    2. Abbasi-Kalimani, F. (2008). A comparative study of Iran's laws and regulations with the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Scientific Quarterly for the Promotion of Family Law and Jurisprudence (Nadai Sadeq), 15(53) , 117-96 (In Persian).
    3. Asadi, A., & Babazadeh Moghaddam, H. (2016). Principles of Internet Information Database Filtering. Journal of New Media Studies, 3(9), 163-194 (In Persian).
    4. Asgharzadeh, M., & Karimi, R. (1391). Children and Media: Threats and Opportunities, Quarterly Scientific-specialist child, youth and media, 1(4), 65-86 (In Persian).
    5. Ebrahimi,S. N., & Pourmasjedian, F.(2021). legal protection of childs privacy in cyberspace with an overview of Iranian Laws and International conversation,The Quarterly journal of woman and Family studies. The journal of woman and Family studies, 8(4) ,82-102 (In Persian).
    6. Gholamhosseinnejad, S. (n.d.). Social Media. Ferdowsi University Mashhad Scientific Publications, 21(50), 27-32 (In Persian).
    7. Gholami, Ali; Hashemzadegan, A. (2021). Criticism of the Jurisprudential Foundations of the Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Filtering the Virtual Space. two-quarter Scientific Journal of Religion and Communication, 28(2), 653-677 (In Persian).
    8. Gorji, A., & Shirzad Nazarloo, Z. (2018). The status of the rights of persons with disabilities in the field of urban rights. Quarterly journal of strategic studies of public policy, 26(8), 6 (In Persian).
    9. Heydari, M. (2022). Organization of virtual space; in search of meaning, Sadra Journal of Islamic Humanities,(No. 40), 72-81 (In Persian).
    10. Ismailian, M., Nazimi, A. (2017). Presentation of a model for the regulatory organization of modern audio-visual media based on the sustainable decision-making method. Quarterly magazine of strategic studies of public policy, 8(26),119-136 (In Persian).
    11. Jalali Farahani, A. H. (2016). Reflection on Filtzing 2. Adaptation study of other countries. Department of Communications and New Technologies Studies, serial number 8442 (In Persian).
    12. Jokar, Q. (2016). Evaluation of the effect of television on children. Ma'eraft magazine, 16(6) , 107-115 (In Persian).
    13. Khayami, A. K. (2013). General policy making and monitoring policies of radio programs. Religion and Cultural Policy Quarterly, 1(2), 61-82 (In Persian).
    14. Qasemzadeh, M., & Mohsenian, S. A. (2023). Examining the dimensions of the regulation of audio and video media services covering the virtual space and presenting a legal draft. Research Center of the Islamic Council, serial number 19254, 32-6 (In Persian).
    15. Shahbazi, A. (2016). In Search of International Internet Laws. General Research Quarterly, 18(54),653-677 (In Persian).
    16. Shoja Sangcholi, M. (2019). Children's right to privacy in the subject laws of Iran and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. General Research Quarterly, (1), 1-17 (In Persian).
    17. Tajik, M. A. (2019). Definition of Traditional Media; Extremes and Extremes. Journal of Media Management, 8(52). 29-40 (In Persian).
    18. Zamanian, M., Mohammadzadeh, A., Zulfaqari, A. A. & Imamian, S.M. S. (2017). National system of regulation and its relationship with the ruling system. Islamic Council Research Center, serial number 15940,5-2 (In Persian).

     

    1. C) Electronic Resources
    2. Anonymous(n.d.). Appropriate age plan in England.Iran: Iran's Asr news agency. www.asriran.ir (In Persian).
    3. Anonymous (n.d.). about us.Iran: Satra. http://satra.ir/2020/2720 (In Persian).
    4. Anonymous (2021).Freedom management for the protection of children and adolescents in cyberspace.Iran: daneshjoo news agency. http://snn.ir (In Persian).
Public Law Studies Quarterly

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 March 2027

  • Receive Date 03 February 2024
  • Revise Date 05 January 2025
  • Accept Date 11 May 2025

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