English

1. A) Book
2. Carson T. (2014). “Advancing the Legal Protection of the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict: Protocol I’s Threshold of Impermissible Environmental Damage and Alternatives”. in Rosemay Rayfuse (ed.), War and the Environment: New Approaches to Protecting the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict, Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden and Boston, MA.
3. Dinstein, Y. (2004). The conduct of hostilities under the law of international armed conflict. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
4. Koppe, E. V. (2006). the Use of Nuclear Weapons and the Protection of the Environment during International Armed Conflict. Gildeprint.
5. Matilda, L. (2017). Environmental Damage in Armed Conflict;To What Extent Do the Remedies Available for Environmental Damage in Armed Conflict Reflect the Polluter Pays Principle? The Cases of the Jiyeh Power Station and the Niger Delta Conflict, Master thesis, Gothenburg University.
6. O’Riordan, T. & Cameron J. (2013). Interpreting the Precautionary Principle, Routledge, London and New York.
7. Sands, P. (1994). Principles of International Environmental Law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
8. Shaw, M. N. (2014). International Law, 7th ed. Cambridge University Press.
9. Simon, M. (2003). the Precautionary Principle in the Law of the Sea: Modern Decision Making in International Law. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, London and New York.
10. Sjöstedt, B. (2016). Protecting the Environment in Relation to Armed Conflict: The Role of Multilateral Environmental Agreements. Diss. Lund University.
11. Vöneky, S. (2000). “Peacetime environmental law as a basis of state responsibility for environmental damage caused by war.” In J.E. Austin and C.E. Bruch (Eds.), the environmental consequences of war: Legal, economic, and scientific perspectives, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

1. B) Article
2. Bothe, M. (1991). The Protection of the Environment in Times of Armed Conflict. 34 GERMAN YB INT’L L. 54.
3. Bothe, M., Bruch, C., Diamond, J., & Jensen, D. (2010). International law protecting the environment during armed conflict: Gaps and opportunities.International Review of the Red Cross, 92(879), 569- 592.
4. Jeffrey Craig, (2016). The protection of the Environment under International Humanitarian Law. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13418.77762.
5. Jha, U. (2014). Armed conflict and environmental damage. Vij Books India.
6. Jinxing Ma and Shiyan Sun, (2016). Restrictions on the use of force at sea: An environmental protection perspective. International Review of the Red Cross, 98 (2), 515–541.
7. Karen, H. (2010). Taking Care to Protect the Environment against Damage: A Meaningless Obligation?. International Review of the Red Cross, 92(879).
8. Leibler, A. (1992). Deliberate Wartime Environmental Damage: New Challenges for International Law. 23 California Western International Law Journal.
9. Lijnzaad, L., & Tanja, G. J. (1993). Protection of the Environment in Times of Armed Conflict: the Iraq-Kuwait War. Netherlands International Law Review, 40(2), 169-199.
10. Low, L., & Hodgkinson, D. (1995). Compensation for wartime environmental damage: Challenges to international law after the Gulf War. Virginia Journal of International Law, 35.
11. Jabbari-Gharabagh, (1999). Type of State Responsibility for Environmental Matters in International Law. 33:1 Revue Juridique Thémis de l’Université de Montréal.
12. Sandoz Y., C. Swinarski and B. Zimmermann (eds.), (1987). Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949. International Committee of the Red Cross.

1. C) Other Documents
2. Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977.
3. Convention (IV) respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its annex: Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land. The Hague, 18 October 1907.
4. ICJ, Case Concerning the Gabčíkovo-Nagymaros Project (HungarySlovakia), Judgment of 25 September 1997.
5. ICJ, Fisheries Jurisdiction (Spain v. Canada), Judgment, ICJ Reports 1998.
6. ICJ, Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion of 8 July 1996.
7. ICJ, Request for an Examination of the Situation in Accordance with Paragraph 63 of the Court’s Judgment of 20 December 1974 in the Nuclear Tests (New Zealand v. France) Case, Order of 22 September 1995.
8. ICTY, Appeals Chamber, Tadić case, Decision on the Defense Motion for Interlocutory Appeal on jurisdiction, 2 October 1995, IT-94-I-AR72.
9. IUCN, (2000). A Martens Clause for Environmental Protection, World Conservation Congress Resolution 2.97.
10. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Recommendation of the Council on Guiding Principles Concerning International Economic Aspects of Environmental Policies and Annex, 26 May 1972.
11. PCIJ, Chorzów Factory Case, Judgment of 14 September 1928, PCIJ Series A, No. 17.
12. Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, Text adopted by the Commission at its fifty-third session, in 2001.
13. Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, A/CONF. 151/26, 14 June 1992 (Rio Declaration).
14. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, adopted on 17 July 1998, entry into Force: 1 July 2002. UN Doc. A/CONF.183/9.
15. San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflict at Sea Harvard University, Program on Humanitarian Policy and Conflict Research (HPCR), Manual on International Law Applicable to Air and Missile Warfare, Bern, 2009.
16. The 1980 Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary Weapons was adopted on 10 October 1980 and entered into force on 2 December 1983.
17. UN Doc. A/RES/47/37(1993).
18. UN Doc. A/Res/71/218, 3 February 2017.
19. UNDP, (2007), “Lebanon Rapid Environmental Assessment for Greening Recovery Reconstruction and Reform”.
20. UNDP, (2014), “Report on the Measurement & Quantification of the Environmental Damage of the Oil Spill on Lebanon”.
21. UNDP, (2014),“Report on the Measurement & Quantification of the Environmental Damage of the Oil Spill on Lebanon”.
22. UNEP, (2009), “Protecting the Environment during Armed Conflict: An Inventory and Analysis of International Law”.
23. World Bank, “Republic of Lebanon Economic Assessment of Environmental Degradation Due to July 2006 Hostilities”, Report No. 39787-LB (World Bank Sustainable Development Department, Middle East and North Africa Region, 2007).

References in Persian:

1. A) Books
2. Doswald-Beck, L., & Henckaerts, J. M. (2008). Customary International Humanitarian Law. Vol. 1: Rules, translated by the Office of International Affairs of the Judiciary of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the International Committee of the Red Cross, edited by Katayoun Hosseinnejad and Pouria Askari, Tehran: Majd (In Persian).
3. Fleck, D. (2008). Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflict, Translators' Group. Tehran: Shahr Danesh Law Institue (In Persian).
4. Momtaz, J. (2011). "Environmental protection in accordance with the Geneva Conventions (the first Persian Gulf War; occupation of Kuwait)", in International Humanitarian Law, written and translated by Hossein Sharifi TarazKoohi, Tehran: Mizan Legal Foundation (In Persian).
5. Roberts, A. (2011). " The Laws of War in the 1990-91 (Persian) Gulf Conflict ". in International Humanitarian Law, written and translated by Hossein Sharifi TarazKoohi, Tehran: Mizan Legal Foundation (In Persian).
6. Ziai Bigdeli, M.R. (2013). International Humanitarian Law. Tehran: Ganjedanesh (In Persian).

1. A) Article
2. Zarneshan, S. (2018). The Relationship of "Martens Clause" & Human Rights in the Contemporary International Legal System. Public Law Studies Quarterly. journal published by University of Tehran, 48(2), 319-338 (In Persian).