نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار حقوق بینالملل عمومی، گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بینالملل عمومی، گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Today, the understanding of environmental risks has significantly increased, such that environmental crises such as air, soil, and sea pollution, global warming, the release of hazardous materials, and environmental degradation are among the serious concerns of the international community. On September 26, 2022, unknown actors deliberately detonated the Nord Stream pipelines located on the seabed of the Baltic Sea with four explosions near the site of chemical munitions disposal leftover from World War II around Bornholm Island. This raises the question of what human environmental risks these explosions pose and how the environment can be protected during armed conflicts. Findings based on documents and library resources using a descriptive-analytical approach indicate that the gas emissions resulting from the explosions not only contribute to global warming but also cause damage to marine ecosystems and harm marine mammals and fish. To support environmental protection, an international environmental legal system has been established, combining principles, treaties, and customary law to safeguard the environment not only in times of peace but also during war. Citing these rules establishes a human right to a healthy environment, which means that the explosions of the Nord Stream pipelines can be considered violations of human rights and humanitarian law.
کلیدواژهها English
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