نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد حقوق بین الملل، دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه حقوق محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
بهمنظور کسب اطمینان از عدم اجرای مؤثر صلاحیت دیوان کیفری بینالمللی نسبت به اتباع آمریکایی، دولت ایالات متحده با دولتهای عضو و غیرعضو دیوان توافقاتی موسوم به «موافقتنامههای دوجانبۀ منع تحویل» به امضا رسانده است. به موجب نوع غالب این موافقتنامهها، هر دولت متعهد میشود که در قبال درخواست دیوان مبنی بر تحویل متهمان، اتباع طرف دیگر توافق را به دیوان تحویل ندهد، مگر با رضایت صریح متعهدله. آمریکا انعقاد این موافقتنامهها را بهطور مشخص در چارچوب و به اعتبار مادۀ (2)98 اساسنامۀ رم توجیه و تجویز میکند. در مقابل، در بسیاری از تألیفات حقوقی استدلال میشود که اساساً این توافقات وفق قواعد کنوانسیون حقوق معاهدات بیاعتبارند و با مقررات اساسنامۀ رم و بهخصوص با مادۀ (2)98 ناسازگار. در پژوهش حاضر که صحتسنجی اظهارات مذکور محل پرسش است، تلاش شده است تا علاوه بر ارزیابی اعتبار موافقتنامههای مذکور، میزان انطباق آنها با مقررات اساسنامۀ رم، بررسی شود. با ارائۀ تحلیل جامع حقوقی، در این مقاله مستدلاً و مستنداً بحث شده است که با اینکه موافقتنامههای منع تحویل طبق حقوق بینالملل معتبرند، ولی بهطور کامل منطبق با اساسنامۀ دیوان نیستند.
کلیدواژهها
- اساسنامۀ دیوان کیفری بینالمللی
- ایالات متحدۀ آمریکا
- بند 2 مادۀ 98
- کنوانسیون حقوق معاهدات
- موافقتنامههای دوجانبۀ منع تحویل.
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Bilateral non-surrender agreements in the context of the Convention on the Law of Treaties and the Statute of the International Criminal Court
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Mohagheghdoust 1
- Mohammad Hossein Ramezani Ghavamabadi 2
1 MA. In International law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Prof., Department of environmental Law, Faculty of law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
To ensure that the jurisdiction of the ICC will not be exercised effectively over American nationals, the United States has entered into agreements with both member and non-member states of the Court, known as “Bilateral Non-Surrender Agreements”. Under the prevailing type of these agreements, each contracting state agrees will not surrender nationals of the other party to the ICC upon a request for surrender of the accused, unless expressly consented to by the other contracting state. The USA justifies and prescribes the conclusion of these agreements specifically under Article 98(2) of the Rome Statute. However, many legal writings argue that, fundamentally, these agreements are invalid according to the rules of the VCLT 1969 and they are incompatible with the provisions of the Rome Statute, particularly Article 98(2). The present research, which aims to evaluate the validity statements mentioned, has made an effort to not only assess the validity of the aforementioned agreements but also examine their compliance with the provisions of the Rome Statute. By providing a comprehensive legal analysis, this article has argued and substantiated that despite the fact that non-surrender agreements are valid under international law, they are not fully aligned with the statute of the Court.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- United States of America
- Bilateral Non-Surrender Agreements
- Convention on the Law of Treaties
- Statute of the International Criminal Court
- Article 98(2).
- فارسی
الف) کتابها
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