نویسندگان
1 استاد دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 دکتر در حقوق بین الملل دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران، محقق دورۀ فوق دکتری، دانشگاه ژوهانسبورگ، آفریقای جنوبی
چکیده
رویکردی که توسط کسکنیمی، به ویژه در کتاب از مدافعه تا آرمانشهر استفاده شده، «تحلیل قهقرایی» است. این رویکرد میتواند «ساختارشکن» نیز نامیده شود. کسکنیمی، دستگاه مفهومی فنیِ ساختارگرایی، نشانهشناسی یا ساختارشکنی را استفاده نمیکند. وی، در اینجا، نگرش خود را بر بنیاد مفهوم موسع دستگاههای مزبور قرار داده است تا فقط، بر ویژگی کلنگرانه، صورتگرا و انتقادی اندیشهاش، تأکید کند. برای وی، توضیح استدلالهای حقوقی بینالمللی، آفراهها (دکترین) و «مکاتب»، نوعی «گفتار» است که به عقب، به مجموعهای مبنایی (زیربنایی) از فروض اشاره میکنند که میتوانند بهعنوان «زبان»، یا «ژرف ساختار» حقوق، تصریح شوند. ساختارشکنیِ استدلال حقوقیِ بینالمللی، بهگونهای غیرقابل اجتناب، آن استدلال را به آن «مجموعۀ قوانینِ» از نظر تاریخی مشروط، یا «طرح مفهومی»، مربوط میکند. بهگونهای که روشن میکند که مجموعۀ قوانین پنهان، متضمن «ظرفیت انتقادی» است.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
An introduction to Koskenniemi’s Regressive Analysis in the structural study of international law
نویسندگان [English]
- Abbas Ali Kadkhodaei 1
- Amir Abbas Amirshekari 2
1 Professor, Public and International Law Department, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The approach followed by Martti Koskenniemi particularly in his “From Apology to Utopia” is one example of ‘‘regressive analysis’’. This approach could also be labelled as ‘‘deconstructive’. Koskenniemi does not use the very technical conceptual apparatus of structuralism, semiotics or deconstructive philosophy. He situates his approach within the broad framework of those fields only to highlight its holistic, formalistic and critical character. For him, expressing international legal arguments, doctrines and ‘‘schools of thought’’ are kinds of parole which refer back to an underlying set of assumptions, capable of being explicated as the langue or ‘‘deep-structure’’ of the law. A deconstruction of international legal argument will then inevitably relate the argument to a historically conditioned ‘‘code’’– or ‘‘conceptual scheme’’. Koskenniemi makes it explicit that hidden code bears a “critical potential”.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- critical theory of international law
- Deconstruction
- deep-structure
- Martti Koskenniemi
- regressive analysis
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