نویسنده
استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
ورود ثالث از جمله موضوعات مرتبط با دادرسی‌های قضایی نزد محاکم ملی و بین‌المللی است. هدف این نهاد، حمایت از حقوق کشوری است که طرف یک اختلاف در حال رسیدگی در دیوان نیست، اما تصور می‌کند که ممکن است منافع حقوقی‌اش در جریان این دادرسی متأثر شود. اگرچه مادۀ 59 اساسنامۀ دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری یک حکم را برای ثالث‌ها قابل اجرا نمی‌داند، این مقرره لزوماً مانع از آن نیست که برای کشورهایی که طرف اختلاف نیستند، آثاری به‌بار نیاورد. مادۀ 62 اساسنامه تمهیدی برای حفظ یک منفعت با ماهیت حقوقی ثالث است. یک یافتۀ دیوان در جریان رسیدگی به یک دعوا می‌تواند بر وضعیت حقوقی کشورهای ثالث اثر بگذارد. در مادۀ 62 به این مطلب توجه شده است. این مقاله به تجزیه‌وتحلیل مادۀ 62 از دیدگاه رویۀ قضایی دیوان می‌پردازد. از نظر دیوان در اعمال این ماده تنها دو معیار وجود منفعت با ماهیت حقوقی و امکان متأثر شدن آن در نتیجۀ رسیدگی، شرط ورود ثالث است. رویۀ دیوان نشان می‌دهد که این ماده به دیوان اجازه می‌دهد صلاحیتش را بدون رضایت خاص طرف‌های اختلاف اعمال کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Third party intervention in the International court of justice trials under article 62 of its statute
نویسنده [English]
- Hamid Alhooii Nazari
Assistant Professor, Public Law Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
Third party intervention is one of the related subjects to the legal procedures of international and national tribunals. The intention of such procedure is to protect the rights of a country which is not party to the proceeding but there is a possibility of legal interests’ affection during the trial. Although under article 59 of the statute of ICJ, the verdict of the court is not mandatory for the third party but this not mean that the verdict does not burden legal effects to the non-parties of the lawsuit. Article 62 of the statute is a provision to protect the legal interest of third party. The findings by the court during the proceeding may effect legal situation of t third countries and article 62 notices this point. This contribution will analyzes article 62 from perspective of the court’s legal practice. The court believes that there are just two factor which make third party intervention possible: presence of an interest of a legal nature and possibility of impacting on the trial. The practice has proof that the court may apply its jurisdiction independently, without any specific consent of the parties to the proceeding.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- third state
- incidental jurisdiction
- Intervention
- interest of a legal nature
الف) فارسی
- قانون آیین دادرسی مدنی
- اساسنامۀ دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری
- جعفری لنگرودی، محمدجعفر، (1363)، ترمینولوژی حقوق، بنیاد راستاد، ص 299.
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