دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

درحالی‌که در شرایط جنگی، امداد به آسیب‌دیدگان با استناد به مقررات الزام‌آور حقوق بشردوستانه اغلب به سهولت صورت می‌گیرد، مقررات مشابهی در شرایط حوادث طبیعی وجود ندارد و خلأ قانونی در این مورد، زمینۀ سوءاستفاده از اصول سنتی حاکمیت و عدم مداخله برای جلوگیری از امدادرسانی بین‌المللی را فراهم می‌سازد. در این میان، حقوق بین‌الملل پاسخ به حوادث به‌عنوان رشته‌ای نوظهور از حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، به‌دنبال رهیافتی بر مبانی ارائۀ کمک‌های بشردوستانه در چنان حوادثی است و دکترین مسئولیت به حمایت، زمینۀ مناسبی بدین منظور به‌نظر می‌رسد. از سوی دیگر، جامعۀ بین‌المللی در مورد قابلیت اعمال دکترین مسئولیت در وضعیت بروز حوادث طبیعی به اجماع نرسیده است و با این حال، نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که حتی در فرض امکان حصول اجماع جامعۀ بین‌المللی مبنی بر شمول این دکترین به حوادث طبیعی نیز، به‌خودی‌خود، تحول شایان توجه و اثربخشی در امدادرسانی بین‌المللی به آسیب‌دیدگان از چنان حوادثی ایجاد نخواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of the doctrine of responsibility to protect in the International Disaster Response Law (IDRL)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mousa Pasha-Bonyad 1
  • Nasrin Mossafa 2

1 Ph.D. Student, Public Law, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

While in conditions of combat assistance to victims based on the provisions of binding humanitarian law often takes place easily, there are no similar provisions in terms of natural disasters. This legal vacuum provides a fertile ground for abuse of the traditional principles of sovereignty and non-intervention in order to prevent international relief. In the meantime, International Disaster Response Law as a new branch of Public International Law is looking to log-on in to the basics of humanitarian assistance provided in such events to fill the void. The doctrine of the responsibility to protect, seems as an appropriate justification for this purpose. The international community has yet to reach a consensus about the applicability of the aforementioned doctrine in cases of disaster. However, results of this study suggest that even if a consensus is reached by the international community, it will not create a significant and effective change in the international relief to the victims of such events by itself.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Humanitarian law
  • human rights
  • international Disaster Response law
  • Natural disasters
  • responsibility to protect
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