نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه حقوق عمومی و بین‌الملل دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
دوست دادگاه شخصی حقیقی یا حقوقی است که طرف دعوی محسوب نمی‌شود و به ابتکار خود یا به درخواست دادگاه اظهارات خود را درخصوص وقایع و قواعد حاکم بر دعوی به صورت مکتوب یا شفاهی به دادگاه تقدیم می‌کند. بررسی رویة قضایی نشان می‌دهد بازیگر عمدة این عرصه سازمان‌های بین‌المللی غیردولتی‌اند که البته مشارکت آن‌ها در فرایند حل‌وفصل اختلافات با موانع و چالش‌های فراوان همراه بوده و است. این مقاله استدلال می‌کند که هرچند از این تأسیس حقوقی در حوزه‌هایی مانند حقوق بشر، تجارت، و داوری‌های سرمایه‌گذاری استقبال شده است و مرجعی مانند دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری از پذیرش آن اجتناب کرده‌اند، به نظر می‌رسد، با توجه به مزیت‌های متصور برای آن، می‌تواند به دادگاه‌ها در ارتقای صحت و کیفیت تصمیمات یاری رساند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The role and function of international Non-Governmental Organizations as a "Friend of the Court" in the international system of disputes settlement
نویسندگان [English]
- Seyed Bagher Mirabbasi 1
- Aghil Mohammadi 2
1 Professor, Public and International Law Department, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Student, International Law, Faculty of law and political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
The "Friend of the court" is a natural or legal person that although not a party to the dispute, still expresses its oral or written remarks on the facts and the law governing the claim. A review of the jurisprudence reveals Non-Governmental Organizations as the key players of this field. However, their participation in the dispute settlement process is faced with many challenges and obstacles. This article argues that despite the fact that a number of courts such as the International Court of Justice have avoided this legal concept, as it has been received in areas such as Human Rights as well as Trade and Investment Arbitrations, the mentioned practice can assist courts to improve the accuracy and quality of decisions with its perceived advantages.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- access to documents
- hearings
- human rights courts
- International Court of Justice
- investment arbitrations
- third party participation
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Documents and Jurisprudence
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16. Rules of Court, adopted on 14 April 1978 and entered into force on 1 july 1987.
17. Practice Direction XII, ICJ, As amended on 20 January 2009 and 21 March 2013.
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