دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نویسندگان

1 گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

2 گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران؛ استادیار، گروه حقوق عمومی و بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشکدۀ حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی،تهران، ایران

چکیده

حاکمیت قانون، به مفهوم تحدید قدرت خودسرانۀ دولت به‌منظور حفظ حقوق و آزادی‌های بنیادین فردی از ارکان اساسی دموکراسی است. از سوی دیگر در عرصۀ بین‌المللی، حاکمیت قانون ابزاری در جهت حفظ صلح و امنیت بین‌المللی ترویج و اعتلای حقوق بشر و پایبندی ارکان تصمیم‌گیر به مقررات پذیرفته‌شده است. با توجه به ساختار و واقعیت‌های حاکم بر جامعۀ بین‌المللی، مفهوم حاکمیت قانون در عرصۀ بین‌المللی به‌صورت متفاوتی از حقوق داخلی اعمال خواهد شد. حاکمیت قانون در حقوق بین‌الملل به مفهوم محدودیت حاکمیت و اختیارات دولت‌ها از طریق قواعد و مقررات حقوقی است. دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری به‌عنوان ارگان قضایی اصلی ملل متحد که از صلاحیت عام برخوردار است، در برقراری و حفظ حاکمیت قانون در جامعۀ بین‌المللی نقش اساسی و محوری دارد. در واقع دیوان بین‌المللی دادگستری در جریان رسیدگی قضایی خود و در کنار حل‌وفصل اختلافات مطروحه به‌عنوان یک وظیفۀ سازمانی به برقراری و تقویت حاکمیت بین‌المللی قانون نیز مبادرت می‌ورزد. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی روش‌هایی است که دیوان برای برقراری و تقویت حاکمیت بین‌المللی قانون از آنها استفاده می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of International Court of Justice in Establishment of International Rule of Law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoud Hajizadeh 1
  • Heybatollah Najandimanesh 2
  • Mohammad Hosein Zarei 3

1 PhD in Public International Law , Faculty of Law , Theology and Islamic Teachings , Islamic Azad University of Najafabad , Iran

2 Faculty of Law , Theology and Islamic Teachings , Islamic Azad University of Najafabad , Iran; Assistant Prof , Faculty of Law and Political Science , University of Allameh Tabatabaei , Tehran , Iran

3 Associate Prof, Faculty of Law, University of Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The rule of law meaning to limitation of arbitrary power and conservation of fundamental individual rights and freedoms , is one of the democracy foundations. The Rule of law in international level is instrument for preservation of international peace and promotion of human rights. In attention to structure and realities of international community , apply rule of law differently in international level. The rule of law in international level means to limitation of sovereignty and authorities of States by legal rules. The ICJ as a principle judicial organ of the UN , takes fundamental role in establishment and preservation of rule of law in international community. The ICJ aside of the settlement of conflicts , has the diverse tools for reinforcement of international rule of law. This research is seeking to review and explain of ICJ’methodes for the establishment and reinforcement of international rule of law.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • International Rule of Law
  • International Law
  • International Court of Justice
  • Legal Rules
  • Judicial review
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D)    Documents
30 - General Assembly, Declaration of the high – level meeting of the General Assembly on the Rule of law at the national and international levels, 24 September 2012, A/RES/67/1.
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