دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه تجارت بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد حقوق تجارت بین‌الملل دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی شریان حیاتی پیشرفت اقتصادی کشورها محسوب می‌شود که امروزه نمی‌توان هیچ کشوری را بی‌نیاز از آن دانست. مسیر اصلی ورود این جریان سرمایه را معاهدات دو یا چندجانبۀ سرمایه‌گذاری تشکیل می‌دهند. هرچند تا مدتی پیش هدف از جذب سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی و ورود منابع مالی به کشور سرمایه‌پذیر، رشد اقتصادی در نظر گرفته می‌شد، با گذر زمان مشخص شد که تأکید بیش‌ازحد بر رشد اقتصادی و بی‌توجهی به توسعۀ پایدار به مشکلات متعددی منجر می‌شود. با توجه به فضای جدید حاکم بر جریان سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی و تجارت بین‌الملل، نیاز به تمهیدات جدید و متناسب با این تغییرات مبرم است. این تمهیدات که از آنها با عنوان ترتیبات نوین یاد می‌کنیم، مانند سرمایه‌گذاری برای توسعه، همبستگی سیاستگذاری، پویا بودن، و ارتقای سرمایه‌گذاری و حمایت از سرمایه‌گذار، در پی ایجاد توسعۀ پایدار هم در زمینۀ اقتصادی و هم در زمینۀ محیط زیست و هم در سایر زمینه‌ها هستند. البته اجرایی شدن آنها نیازمند وجود نظام حقوقی منسجم با ضمانت اجراهای مشخص برای نیل به اهداف موردنظر است. این مقاله درصدد است تا با رویکردی توصیفی و تحلیلی و با روش جامعه‌شناسی حقوقی، ابتدا مفهوم ترتیبات نوین سرمایه‌گذاری را که کمتر بدان پرداخته شده است، بررسی کند. در ادامه دریابد که این مفهوم چه ارتباطی با توسعۀ پایدار دارد. همچنین به کاوش در نظم حقوقی موجود در این زمینه چه در سطح ملی و چه در سطح بین‌المللی می‌پردازد و آثار ترتیبات نوین سرمایه‌گذاری بر توسعۀ پایدار را مطالعه می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Legal Approach to New Arrangements in Foreign Investments and its Impact on Sustainable Development

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza Nikbakht 1
  • Meysam Beykmohammadi 2
  • Farhad Bagheri 3

1 Prof. International trade Law Department. faculty of law. Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran.

2 Master of International Trade law. Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran.

3 Ph.D. Candidate in International Law. Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran. Iran.

چکیده [English]

Foreign Direct Investment is considered as a vital matter for every countries’ economic progress and no country is needless to Foreign Investment. The main paths for importing such investments are bilateral or multilateral investment treaties. Although for a while, the objective to attract foreign investment and import financial resources to a host country was economic growth but as time advanced, it came out that insisting on economic growth and disregarding sustainable development would create several problems. Notwithstanding the new atmosphere of foreign investment trend and international trade, the query to new arrangements and proper to these evolutions seem quite necessary. Such arrangements which the authors call new arrangements, including investment for development, alliance of policy- making, dynamism and promotion and protection of investor, are intended to create and ensure sustainable development, both in economic and environmental areas and also other areas as well. Their implementation though, requires a concrete legal system with specific enforcements in order to fulfil the defined objectives. This contribution, with a descriptive and analytic approach with a socio-legal method, first, study the concept of new arrangements in investment which has not been dealt with dully. Then, it tries to answer to this question that what is the concept’s relation to sustainable development. Plus, studies the present legal order both at national and international level and examines the impact of new arrangements on foreign investment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commitment to Development
  • Foreign direct investment
  • Sustainable Development
  • New Arrangements
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D) Websites
33. Transfer of Price: The price at which divisions of a company transact with each other. Transactions may include the trade of supplies or labor between departments. Read more: Transfer Price Definition | Investopedia http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/transferprice.asp#ixzz3rNcTTenZ