دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی، دانشیار،گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ حقوق، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

شورای امنیت در زمینۀ مبارزه با تروریسم، به‌خصوص با صدور قطعنامۀ 1373، فصل نوینی را در شکل و قالب قطعنامه‌ها گشود. این قطعنامه‌ها که شکلی قانونگذارانه دارد، برای تمام دولت‌های جهان تعهداتی ایجابی و سلبی ایجاد می‌کند. این سبک از تصویب قطعنامه‌ها برای شورا که نهادی سیاسی بود، چالش مشروعیت و قانونمندی تصمیمات را پیش می‌کشد. از سوی دیگر، برخی این اقدام را در صورت فقدان بازوی اجرایی کارا و مؤثر در نظام حقوق بین‌الملل دفع افسد به فاسد دانسته و در این زمینه برای تصمیمات شورا قانونمندی و مشروعیت نیز متصور شده‌اند. همچنین این مسئله باید از این دیدگاه نیز بررسی شود که حقوق بین‌الملل خودبه‌خود می‌تواند به بازسازی قواعد موجود و پر کردن خلأها بپردازد و رویۀ شورای امنیت در واقع همان خودبازسازی سیستم حقوق بین‌الملل در این زمینه است. این مقاله، اقدام قانونگذاری شورای امنیت را جلوه‌ای از توانایی حقوق بین‌الملل برای خودبازسازی می‌داند، هرچند برای این تصمیمات فاقد قاطعیت و مشروعیت در همۀ جوانب است، اما دست‌کم در برخی موارد آن را تأیید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Legislative jurisdiction of Security Council in its Fight against Terrorism from the perspective of legitimacy; with Emphasise on Self-rectifying mechanism of international law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mastoureh Ghorbanipour 1
  • Leila Raisi 2

1 Ph.D student in international law at Islamic Azad University, Isfahan branch, Isfaha, Iran

2 Associate Prof., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch, Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The Security Council in its fight against terrorism has opened a new chapter in its resolutions, especially by 1373(2001) resolution. This kind of new resolutions have legislative structure and impose binding obligations on all states. This sort of resolutions make some problematic discussions about their legality and legitimacy. First, in the absence of any executive or legislative organs in international law, some scholars defend the decisions. In another side, this must be considered from the viewpoint of Self-rectifying process of international law. Now we are going to see that whether this kind of decisions could be justified in the light of Self-rectifying process of international law and so they obtain legitimacy or not. Legislative actions of Security Council, in our opinion, is considered as an aspect of Self-rectifying process of international law and through that process can suppose Security Council decisions, at least in some aspects, are legitimate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Legitimacy of Legislation
  • Security Council’s Resolutions
  • Legislative Jurisdiction
  • Self-rectifying Mechanism of International law
  • Fight against Terrorism
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C) Cases
50.Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory [2004]
51. ICJ, A.O. on Admission to Membership of UN, 1948.
52. Reparation for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations, ICJ Advisory Opinion of 11 April 1949.
53. Case T-315/01 Kadi [2005] ECR II-0000
54. Case T-253/02 Ayadi [2006] ECR II-0000
55. Tadi6 (Jurisdiction) ICTY-94-1 (2 Oct 1995
56. ICTY, IT-94-AR72 (Appeals Chamber, Interlocutory Judgement on Jurisdiction of 2 October 1995)