دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران

2 گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران، دانشیار دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پیشرفت فناوری موجب مواجهۀ روزافزون دولت‌ها با حملات سایبری شده است. بیشترین حملات سایبری که دولت‌ها با آن مواجه‌اند، از نوع حملات سایبری نفی یا محروم‌سازی از سرویس توزیع‌شدۀ اینترنتی است. این‌گونه حملات آثار مخرب مستقیم و آنی ندارند، به همین دلیل ارزیابی آنها در قالب ممنوعیت توسل به زور و حملات مسلحانه قرار نمی‌گیرد و معمولاً دولت‌ها نیز با توجه به شدت کمتر آنها در برخی موارد حتی از پیگیری و شناسایی عاملان حملات صرف‌نظر می‌کنند. با اینکه قواعد مستقیم و صریحی در مورد حملات سایبری و نظم بخشیدن به آنها وجود ندارد، نظر به ‌تبعات چنین حملاتی حتی با شدت کم و اقتضای ارزیابی حقوقی این حملات، با بررسی مقررات فعلی حقوق بین‌الملل به این نتیجه می‌رسیم که بعضی از این‌گونه حملات غیرمخرب را می توان با اصل ممنوعیت مداخله به نظم درآورد و در صورت احراز عاملان و انتساب آن حملات به دولت، مسئولیت بین‌المللی دولت­ها را در مراجع بین‌المللی مطرح کرد. به‌عبارت دیگر، در مقالۀ حاضر سعی بر آن است تا نشان داده شود که صرفاً حملات سایبری شدید ناقض مقررات حقوق بین‌الملل حاضر نیستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Cyber-attacks and the Violation of non-intervention Principle

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parastou Esmailzadeh Molabashi 1
  • Mohsen Abdollahi 2

1 Department of Law, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

2 Department of Law, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran, Associate Professor of Shahid Beheshti University

چکیده [English]

The technological progress has caused the states to deal with the ever-growing cyber-attacks. The most cyber-attacks that states usually face are Distributed Denial of Service Attacks. Since these attacks do not have any direct and immediate harms, they cannot be considered as use of force or armed attacks therefore states usually ignore to trace and identify the attackers. Since there are no explicit and direct rules for addressing cyber-attacks, in accordance with the regulations of current International Law, we come to the conclusion that some of these non-destructive cyber-attacks which are coercive can be counted as violation of the principle of non-intervention if those attacks are attributable to the states and consequently the international responsibility of those states can be brought up in competent international courts. In this essay the author endeavors to demonstrate not only the severe cyber-attacks violate the International Law obligations but also the non-destructive ones such as Distributed Denial of Service Attacks can breach International Law too.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cyber-attacks
  • Sovereignty
  • The Principle of non-intervention
  • International Responsibility of States
  • Violation of an Obligation
1. فارسی
الف) کتاب‌ها
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2. انگلیسی
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C) Documents
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D) Cases
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E) Websites
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