دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دورۀ دکتری، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جابه‌جایی‌های انسانی در اثر وقوع رخدادهای اقلیمی موجب چالش‌های اساسی در حقوق بین‌الملل شده است. از یک سو، قواعد سنتی موجود امکان چاره‌جویی همه‌جانبه در این زمینه را ندارند و از سوی دیگر، چگونگی چاره‌اندیشی در خصوص این پدیده و حمایت از افراد آسیب‌پذیر بیش از پیش بر شکاف بین دیدگاه‌های کشورهای در حال توسعه و برخی کشورهای پیشرفتۀ صنعتی افزوده است. مقالۀ حاضر مهم‌ترین تحولات در خصوص جابه‌جایی‌های اقلیمی در نظام بین‌المللی تغییر اقلیم از جمله دو رویکرد زیان و خسارت و مسئولیت بین‌المللی را بررسی  و ارزیابی می‌کند که کشورهای در حال توسعه تا چه حد در برآورده کردن خواستۀ اصلی خود یعنی ایدۀ جبران خسارت در چارچوب کنوانسیون تغییر اقلیم موفق عمل کرده‌اند. واقعیت آن است که پیچیدگی پدیدۀ تغییر اقلیم سبب شده است که هر یک از سازوکارهای زیان و خسارت و رهیافت مسئولیت بین‌المللی با دشواری‌های فراوان روبه‌رو باشند. در عین حال تحولات ایجادشده با آنکه در مرحلۀ آغازین قرار دارد، می‌توان آن را گامی به‌سوی حمایت مؤثر از مهاجران اقلیمی شمرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Climate Migration in the International Law: A Dilemma for the Vulnerable States

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amirhossein Ranjbarian 1
  • Nafiseh Arghandehpour 2

1 Associate Prof., Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Human relocation as the result of climate events is not a new incident. However, the human involvement in climate change, widespread character and various types of climate migration in the contemporary world have med the issue an unprecedented phenomenon causing major challenges to international law such that the existing international rules are not able to provide an all-in-one solution. On the other hand, the way this issue should be addressed has widened the gaps between the positions of developing countries and the views of some industrial countries. The present paper aims to discuss the major developments as to climate migration in the international climate change regime, and assess to what extent the developing countries have been successful in adding their views, particularly the idea of compensation, to the framework of the Climate Change Convention.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Climate Migration
  • International Climate Change Regime
  • Climate Change Convention
  • Adaptation Plans
  • Paris Agreement
  • Loss and Damage Mechanism
  • International Responsibility
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