دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، دانشکدة حقوق، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در 26 ژوئن 2018، کمیسیون حقوق تجارت بین‌الملل سازمان ملل متحد، پیش‌نویس کنوانسیون موافقت‌نامه‌های بین‌المللی حل‌وفصل از طریق میانجی‌گری (کنوانسیون سنگاپور) را تصویب کرد. هدف کنوانسیون سنگاپور، ترویج و ترغیب میانجی‌گری بین‌المللی است، به همان ترتیبی که کنوانسیون نیویورک، شناسایی و اجرای آرای داوری بین‌المللی را تسهیل و تقویت می‌کند. سازوکار طراحی‌شده در این معاهده، مبتنی بر موازین و اقدامات ملی است و دولت‌های عضو را متعهد می‌کند که اجرای موافقت‌نامه‌های بین‌المللی میانجی‌گری را به این ترتیب تضمین کنند. کنوانسیون سنگاپور، از ظرفیت بالقوه مطلوبی برای حل اختلافات فرامرزی تجاری در منطقة آسیا برخوردار است، جایی که میانجی‌گری در آن به‌منزلة شیوه‌ای ارزشمند برای حل اختلافات مورد پذیرش است و منطبق با ارزش‌ها و فرهنگ آسیایی است و بر همین اساس، پیش‌بینی می‌شود با استقبال دولت‌های آسیایی برای عضویت مواجه خواهد شد و آینده‌ای روشن برای این شیوة حل‌وفصل اختلافات در این منطقه مورد انتظار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Future Perspective of the Singapore Convention on Mediation in Asia

نویسنده [English]

  • Hoorieh Hosseini Abarnejad

Assistant Prof., Faculty of Law, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

On 26 June 2018, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law [UNCITRAL] approved the final drafts of the Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (the Singapore Convention). The goal of the Singapore Convention is to encourage international mediation in the same way that the New York Convention facilitates the recognition and enforcement of international arbitration awards. The mechanism provided in the Convention is based on national provisions and measures. The Convention provides a uniform, efficient framework for the recognition and enforcement of mediated settlement agreements that resolve international, commercial disputes. The Singapore Convention has great potential to impact the conduct of international dispute resolution in Asia, where mediation is viewed as a valuable tool to resolve commercial disputes as it is consistent with Asian values and culture. It is hoped that Asian jurisdictions will widely support the Singapore Convention, and thereby usher in a brighter future for Asian dispute resolution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commercial Disputes
  • Settlement
  • The Singapore Convention
  • Mediation
1. فارسی
الف) کتاب‌ها
1. صلح‌چی، محمدعلی؛ نژندی منش، هیبت‌الله (1378)، حل‌وفصل مسالمت‌آمیز اختلافات بین‌المللی، تهران: میزان.
 
ب) مقالات
2. سلیمی، محسن؛ زارع، مهدی (1395)، «درآمدی بر میانجی‌گری در اختلافات بازرگانی»، فصلنامة تحقیقات حقوق خصوصی و کیفری، ش 30، صص 81-97.
3. شهبازی‌نیا، مرتضی؛ ملک‌نیا، پریا (1395)، «محرمانگی در میانجی‌گری و تضمینات قانونی آن با بعد بین‌المللی»، فصلنامة پژوهش حقوق خصوصی، سال پنجم، ش 16، صص 133-148.
4. نیکبخت، حمیدرضا؛ ادیب، علی‌اکبر (1396)، ««اصلاحگری» و «میانجی‌گری» به‌عنوان جایگزین روش‌های سنتی حل اختلافات مدنی- تجاری و امکان به‌کارگیری آنها در صنعت نفت»، مجلة تحقیقات حقوقی، ش 78، صص 87-81.
 
2. انگلیسی
A) Book
1. Lee, Joel & Hwee, Teh Hwee (eds), (2009), An Asian Perspective on Mediation. Singapore, Academy Publishing.
2. Leung ,Raymond H M (ed), (2015), Hong Kong, Asia Mediation Handbook, Sweet & Maxwell.
3. Solhchi, M. & Najandimanesh, H. (1999), Imternational Disputes Settlement, Tehran, Mizan Legal Foundation (In Persian).
 
B) Articles
4. Boulle, Laurence (2014), “International Enforceability of Mediated Settlement Agreements: Developing the Conceptual Framework”, Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal, Vol. 7, pp. 35-68.
5. Chua, Eunice (a), (2019), “Enforcement of International Mediated Settlement Agreements in Asia – A Path towards Convergence”, Asian International Arbitration Journal, Vol 15, No. 1, pp. 1-28.
6. CHUA, Eunice (2015), “The future of international mediated settlement agreements: Of conventions, challenges and choices”, Singapore Management University, School of Law, pp. 1-12.
7. CHUA, Eunice (2019), “The Singapore Convention on Mediation—A Brighter Future for Asian Dispute Resolution”, Asian Journal of International Law, Vol. 9, pp. 195-205
8. Heep, Jeremy & Martin, Adam R., (2020), A New Way to Enforce International Mediated Settlement Agreements Pepper Hmilton LLP, Attorney at Law.
9. KOO, Anna K.C., (2017), “Enforcing International Mediated Settlement Agreements” in Muruga Perumal RAMASWAMY and João RIBEIRO, eds., Harmonising Trade Law to Enable Private Sector Regional Development (UNCITRAL Regional Centre for Asia and the Pacific).
10. Lim, George & Eunice CHUA, (2017), “Development of Mediation in Singapore” in George LIM, SC and Danny MCFADDEN, eds., Mediation in Singapore: A Practical Guide, 2nd ed., Singapore: Sweet and Maxwell.
11. LO, Chang-Fa &d Winnie Jo-Mei MA, (2014), “Draft ‘Convention on Cross-Border Enforcement of International Mediated Settlement Agreements’” , Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 389-403.
12. LO, Chang-Fa, (2014), “Desirability of a New International Legal Framework for Cross-Border Enforcement of Certain Mediated Settlement Agreements” Contemporary Asia Arbitration Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 6-135.
13. Mehrabi, Hassan Faraj & Sheikhattar, Hosna (2019), “the Singapore Mediation Convention: a promising start, an uncertain future” (In Persian).
available at:
14. Nikbakht, Hamidreza & Adib, Ali Akbar (2017), “Conciliation and Mediation as Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Civil and Commercial Disputes and the Viability of their Application in the Petroleum Industry”, Legal Research Quarterly, Vol. 20, Issue 78, pp. 57-81 (In Persian).
15. Salimi, Mohsen & Zarem Mehdi (2016), “An Introduction to Mediation in Commercial Disputes”, Quarterly Journal of Private and Criminal Law Research, No. 30, pp. 81-97 (In Persian).
16. Schnabel, Timothy (2019), “The Singapore Convention on Mediation: A Framework for the CrossBorder Recognition and Enforcement of Mediated Settlements”, Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 1-60.
17. Shahbazinia, Morteza & Maleknia, Parya (2016), “Confidentiality in Mediation and Its Legal Safeguards From International Perspective”, Journal of Private Law Research, Vol. 5, Issue 16, pp. 133-148 (In Persian).
18. Shi Yin, KIM (2014), “From ‘Face-Saving’ to ‘Cost Saving’: Encouraging and Promoting Business Mediation in Asia” , Alternatives to the High Cost of Litigation, Vol. 32, Issue 10, pp. 158-160.
19. Žukauskaitė, Miglė (2019), “Enforcement of Mediated Settlement Agreements”, Teise (Journal of Vilnius University), Vol. 111, pp. 205-217.
 
C) Documents
20. Report of Working Group II (Dispute Settlement) on the Work of its Sixty-fifth Session, UNCITRAL, UN Doc. A/CN.9/896 (2016).
21. Report of Working Group II (Dispute Settlement) on the Work of its Sixty-sixth Session, UNCITRAL, UN Doc. A/CN.9/901 (2017).
22. Report of Working Group II (Arbitration and Conciliation) on the Work of its Sixty-fourth Session ,UNCITRAL, UN Doc. A/CN.9/867 (2016).
23. The Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements (the Choice of Court Convention)
24. The Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention)
25. Report of Working Group II (Arbitration and Conciliation) on the Work of its Sixty-third Session, UNCITRAL, UN Doc. A/CN.9/861 (2015).
26. UNCITRAL, Report of Working Group II (Dispute Settlement) on the Work of its Sixty-eighth Session, UNCITRAL, UN Doc. A/CN.9/934 (2018).
27. International Institute for Conflict Prevention and Resolution, “Attitudes Toward ADR In the Asia-Pacific Region: A CPR Survey (2011).
28. Singapore Academy of Law, “Study on Governing Law and Jurisdiction Choices in Cross-Border (2016).
29. European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, Directive 2008/52/EC on certain aspects of mediation in Civil and Commercial matters, OJ, L-136, 2008.