نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشکدة حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
چکیده
فضای دیجیتال به‌عنوان بستری واجد کاربری دوگانه، اسباب تعالی و تخریب کودکان را توأمان هموار می‌سازد؛ آگاهی، آموزش، کسب دانش متعالی، نقض حریم خصوصی، هرزه‌نگاری و تجاوز دیجیتال در این فضا قابل حصول‌اند. این امور نمایی تردیدآمیز از فضای دیجیتال به‌دست می‌دهد. التزام اطراف کنوانسیون حقوق کودک به صیانت از مصالح عالیة کودک متضمن آن است که در تمامی محیط‌ها خواه واقعی و دیجیتال تهدیدها علیه کودکان زائل شود. از نظر کمیتة حقوق کودک حق بقای کودکان، حیات و تعالی کودک، عدم تبعیض در دسترسی و بهره‌مندی، رعایت مصالح عالیة کودک و لزوم توجه به دیدگاه‌های وی، چارچوب کلی تضمین حقوق کودک در فضای دیجیتال را شکل می‌دهد. پرسش اصلی چگونگی ترسیم این چارچوب است. به‌نظر می‌رسد ترسیم چارچوب حقوقی صیانت از کودکان در فضای دیجیتال ابتدا متوجه اطراف کنوانسیون حقوق کودک است که باید از طریق تدابیر جامع و مناسب تقنینی، اجرایی و قضایی و در پرتو مفاهیمی همچون نظارت مستقل، اشاعة اطلاعات، آگاهی‌بخشی و آموزش، مشورت با جامعة مدنی و دسترسی به عدالت و جبران خسارت محقق شود. رسالت نوشتار توصیفی- تحلیلی حاضر با نظر به تفسیر عمومی شمارة 25 کمیتة حقوق کودک شناخت ابعاد این تعهد بین‌المللی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Legal framework for children's rights protection in the digital environment in light of the CRC general comment No. 25
نویسندگان [English]
- Ehsan Shahsavari 1
- sahar hasani 2
1 Assistant Prof., Department of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 MA Student in International Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]
The digital environment as a dual-use platform enables the excellence and destruction of children at the same time. Awareness, education, acquisition of transcendent knowledge, privacy violation, pornography, and digital aggression are attainable in this environment. Hence, we have a doubtful view about this space. The obligation of UNCRC state parties in the protection of the Best interests of the children entails the eradication of all threats against them in all environments, digital or non-digital. In the CRC point of view the right to life, survival, and development of children, non-discrimination in access and use, observance of the best interests of the child, and respect for the views of the child create the overall framework for ensuring the children's rights in relation to the digital environment. The main question is how to form this framework. It seems that forming the legal framework for protecting children's rights in relation to the digital environment first is depended on CRC states parties and must be achieved by appropriate, and comprehensive legislative, executive, and judicial measures in light of criteria's such as independent monitoring, dissemination of information, raising awareness and education, Cooperation with civil society and access to justice and remedies. The objective of this descriptive-analytical research is to identify dimensions of this international obligation in light of the CRC general comment No. 25.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
- Digital environment
- the Best interests of the child
- General comments
- Subsequent practices
انگلیسی
- Books
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- Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 1984
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006
- Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989
- International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, 2007
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, 1965
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966
- Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT.I), 1969
- Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations (VCLT.II), 1986
- D) Judgments
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- Other documents
- International Law Commission, Draft conclusions on subsequent agreements and subsequent practice in relation to the interpretation of treaties, 2018
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- International Law Commission, Report of the Sixty-third session (26 April-3 June and 4 July-12 August 2011), A/66/10/Add.1
- Principles relating to the Status of National Institutions (The Paris Principles), Adopted by General Assembly resolution 48/134, 1993
- UNICEF, the State of the World's Children 2017, Children in a Digital World
- UNICEF, The State of the World's Children 2021, Promoting, protecting and caring for children’s mental health
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