نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته دکتری حقوق بین الملل (دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران)، پژوهشگر مرکز مطالعات راهبردی آجا، تهران، ایران
2 دانش آموختۀ دکتری حقوق بین الملل، دانشکدۀ حقوق، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، ایران
چکیده
با ورود فناوریهای جدید مرتبط با سامانه های هوشمند به عرصۀ تسلیحات نظامی موجی از نظریات متناقض در میان حقوقدانان در مورد بهکارگیری آنها در عرصه های گوناگون نبرد ایجاد شد. با توجه به مزایای به کارگیری این تسلیحات برخی حقوقدانان معتقد به مشروعیت کاربرد این تسلیحات هستند و برخی نیز بهدلیل ناتوانی درک محیط عملیاتی و انجام اقداماتی مغایر با قواعد حقوق بین الملل بشردوستانه بر ممنوعیت به کارگیری این تسلیحات اذعان دارند. بنابراین پرسش اصلی این پژوهش، تعیین چالش های حاکم بر مشروعیت یا ممنوعیت کاربرد سامانه های تسلیحاتی هوشمند در میدان نبرد از منظر ملاحظات حقوقی است. روش پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی، روش جمع آوری داده ها کتابخانه ای و جامعۀ مورد بررسی نیز کتابها، اسناد و کنوانسیون های بین المللی مرتبط با این موضوع است. نتیجۀ پژوهش صحت این فرضیه را تأیید مینماید که با وجود فقدان قواعد مصرح در حقوق بین‌الملل در خصوص ممنوعیت به کارگیری سامانه های تسلیحاتی هوشمند، مشروعیت کاربرد این سامانه ها بر اساس رعایت قواعد حقوق بین الملل بشردوستانه، به نوع مأموریت، کارکرد عملیاتی و میزان هوشمندی سامانه و محیط عملیاتی به کارگیری سامانه بستگی دارد و کاربرد آن در طیفی از مشروعیت مطلق تا ممنوعیت مطلق متغیر است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Legitimacy of Using Intelligent Military Systems in Armed Conflict
نویسندگان [English]
- Reza Arab Chadegani 1
- Bahram moradian 2
1 PHD in International Law (law and political science faculty- Tehran university) – researcher at AJA Strategic studies Center, Tehran, Iran
2 PHD in International Law, Faculty of Law at the Farabi School, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
With the arrival of new technologies related to intelligent systems into the field of military weapons, contradictory theories were raised among jurists about their use in various battlefields. Given the benefits of using these weapons, some jurists believe in the legitimacy of the use of these weapons, and some acknowledge the ban, due to their inability to understand the operational environment and their taken actions which is contrary to international humanitarian law. Therefore, the main question is to determine the challenges and legal considerations governing the legitimacy or prohibition of the use of intelligent weapons systems on the battlefield. The research method is descriptive-analytical, data collection done by library method and the statistical population are books, instruments and international conventions related to this subject. The research shows, despite the lack of rules enshrined in international law regarding the prohibition on the use of intelligent weapons systems, the legitimacy of the use of these systems is based on the rules of IHL depending on the type of mission, operational function, the level of intelligence and operational environment. The use of the system depends on its application and varies in the range from absolute legitimacy to absolute prohibition.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- autonomous weapon systems
- intelligent military systems
- principles of international humanitarian law
- فارسی
- مقالات
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