نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی
نویسندگان
استادیار گروه حقوق، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام، ایران
چکیده
گفتمان حکمرانی مطلوب در عرصۀ حقوق عمومی و حقوق بینالملل یکی از مباحث نوین ادارۀ کشورهاست که بدواً به عنوان اعمال قدرت سیاسی، اقتصادی و اداری برای مدیریت امور عمومی در همۀ سطوح بهنحوی کارامد و شایسته تعریف میشود. با این حال، این مفهوم هم در میان دانشگاهیان و هم در میان نهادهای داخلی و بینالمللی از تعریف مشخص و ابعاد و قلمرو معینی برخوردار نیست. هر تعریف بهطور معمول به برخی جوانب آن نگاه کرده است و در آخر نیز مشخص نیست چه آثار و مؤلفههایی دارد. نسبت به ماهیت حقوقی آن نیز اختلافنظر وجود دارد. در بین نهادهای بینالمللی، دیوان اروپایی حقوق بشر یکی از برجستهترین رویهها را در زمینۀ شناخت و تبیین حکمرانی مطلوب دارد که خود این رویه نیز بهتدریج تحول یافته است. بررسی رویۀ دیوان، ضمن اینکه شناخت بهتری از مفهوم حکمرانی مطلوب بهدست میدهد، نشاندهندۀ این است که مفهوم مذکور در رویۀ دیوان پرورش داده شده و به یک اصل حقوقی دارای تعهدات الزامآور که ابعاد و زمینههای مشخصی دارد، مبدل شده است. این تحول تا حدی است که در پرتو آن مقررات کنوانسیون اروپایی حقوق بشر که هیچ اشارهای به حکمرانی مطلوب ندارد نیز توسعه یافته است.
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Development of the Concept of Good Governance in Light of the ECtHR Caselaw
نویسندگان [English]
- Anvar Yadollahi
- Fatemeh Piraman
Assistant Prof., Department of Law, Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch, Ilam, Iran
چکیده [English]
The discourse of good governance in the field of public law and international law is one of the new topics in the administration of the country, which is initially defined as the exercise of political, economic and administrative power to manage public affairs at all levels in a good, efficient and appropriate manner. However, this new concept neither among academics nor domestic and international bodies has clear definition, dimensions or territory. Each definition usually looks at some aspects of it, and finally it is not clear what effects and Elements it has. There is also disagreement about its legal nature. Among the international bodies, the European Court of Human Rights has one of the most prominent case law in recognizing and explaining good governance, which itself has gradually evolved. Examining the procedure of the court, while giving a better understanding of the concept of good governance, shows that the concept of good governance has been developed in the case law of the ECtHR and has been introduced as a legal principle with binding obligations and specific dimensions and areas. To the extent that in the light of that case law, provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights, which make no reference to good governance, have also been developed.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- good governance
- rule of law
- human rights
- European Court Of Human Rights
- Council of Europe
- فارسی
- مقالات
- سامتی، مرتضی؛ رنجبر همایون و محسنی، فضیلت (1390). تحلیل تأثیر شاخصهای حکمرانی خوب بر شاخص توسعۀ انسانی؛ مطالعۀ موردی: کشورهای جنوب شرقی آسیا (ASEAN). پژوهشهای رشد و توسعۀ اقتصادی، 1(4)، 183 ـ223183.
- مرشدیزاد، علی (1396). حکمرانی خوب و حکمرانی مطلوب در تمدن نوین اسلامی ، دوفصلنامۀ آیندهپژوهی ایران، 2(3)، 25 ـ 140.
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- انگلیسی
- Books
- Addink, H. (2019). Good Governance; Concept and Context, New York: Oxford University Press.
- Venice Commission (2011). Stocktaking on the notions of “good governance” and “good administration, Strasbourg: CDL(2011) 006.
- Articles
- Addink, H. (2015). Good Governance: A Principle of International Law. in: Ryngaert, C., Molenaar, E., Nouwen, S. (eds), What's Wrong with International Law?, Leiden: Brill/Nijhoff Publisher, 288-303.
- Andrijauskaitė, A. (2018). Good Governance in the Case Law of the ECtHR: A (Patch)Work in Progress. Presented Paper in ICON-S Conference: Identity, Security, Democracy: Challenges for Public Law, Hong Kong, 1-15.
- Andrijauskaite, A. (2018). Good governance through the prism of the European Court of Human Rights. ICON-S Conference: Identity, Security, Democracy: Challenges for Public Law, Hong Kong, 25-27 June 2018. Available at: https://icon-s2018.law.hku.hk/good-governance-through-the-prism-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights/ (last visited: 07/22/2021)
- Feingold, C. S. (1977). “Doctrine of Margin of Appreciation and the European Convention on Human Rights. Notre Dame L. Rev., 53, 90-106.
- ECtHR Case Law
- Case of Ahmet Yavuz Yılmaz v. Turkey, Application no. 48593/07, 10 November 2020.
- Case of Ahmut v. the Netherlands, Application no. 21702/93, 28 November 1996.
- Case of Beyeler v. Italy, Application no. 33202/96, 5 January 2000.
- Case of Gasus Dosier- und Fördertechnik GmbH v. the Netherlands, Application no. 15375/89, 23 February 1995.
- Case of Grobelny v. Poland, Application no. 60477/12, 5 March 2020.
- Case of Guja v. Moldova, Application no. 14277/04, 12 February 2008.
- Case of Krstić v. Serbia, Application no. 45394/06, 10 December 2013.
- Case of Lawless v Republic of Ireland, Application no. 332/57, 14 November 1960 and 1 July 1961.
- Case of Maksymenko and Gerasymenko v. Ukraine, Application no. 49317/07, 16 May 2013.
- Case of Maria Mihalache v. Romania, Application no. 68851/16, 30 June 2020.
- Case of Marttinen v. Finland, Application no. 19235/03, 21 April 2009.
- Case of Mifsud and Others v. Malta, Application no. 38770/17, 13 October 2020.
- Case of Moskal v. Poland, Application no. 10373/05, 15 September 2009
- Case of Nsona v. the Netherlands, Application no. 23366/94, 28 November 1996.
- Case of Öneryıldız v. Turkey, Application no. 48939/99, 30 November 2004.
- Case of Rysovskyy v. Ukraine, Application no. 29979/04, 20 October 2011.
- Case of Van de Hurk v. the Netherlands, Application no. 16034/90, 19 April 1994.
- Case of Aksoy v. Turkey, Application no. 21987/93, 18 December 1996.
- Case of Hutten-Czapska v. Poland, Application no. 35014/97, 19 June 2006.
- Case of Megadat.com SRL v. Moldova, Application no. 21151/04, 8 April 2008.
- Case of Pincová and Pinc v. the Czech Republic, Application no. 36548/97, 5 November 2002.
- Case of Brannigan and McBride v. the United Kingdom, Application no. 14553/89; 14554/89, 26 May 1993.
- The Greek Cases, Applications no. 3321/67 - 3322/67 - 3323/67 - 3344/67, 1969.
- C) ICJ Case Law
- Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of the Congo), ICJ Judgment of 30 November 2010.
- Judgment No.2867 of the Administrative Tribunal of the International Labour Organization upon a Complaint Filed against the International Fund for Agricultural Development, ICJ Advisory Opinion of 1 February 2012.
- Documents
- IMF, IMF and Good Governance, March 3, 2020, available at: https://www.imf.org/en/About/Factsheets/The-IMF-and-Good-Governance (last visited on: 01/06/2021)International Monetary Fund, Good Governance; The IMF’s Role, International Monetary Fund, Publication Services, USA, 1997
- OECD, Participatory Development and Good Governance (Paris CEDEX 16 1995), pp. 8-23
- Recommendation CM/Rec(2007)7 of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on good administration and Recommendation 1615 (2003)
- the World Bank, Governance - the World Bank's experience, a World Bank Publication, 1994, at Preface. available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/711471468765285964/Governance-the-World-Banks-experience (last visited on: 22/06/2021)