دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

نوع مقاله : علمی-پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

یکی از راهکارهای حمایت از کالاهای سبز استانداردگذاری و برچسب‌گذاری سبز به‌منظور تمایز این کالاها با کالاهای دیگر و بهره‌مندی از حمایت‌های دولتی است. با این حال به‌دلیل ناشناخته ماندن این کالاها در بازار، ارائۀ معیارهایی اولیه برای شناسایی و تأیید این کالاها به‌عنوان کالای سبز لازم است و تا هنگامی‌که این معیارها شناسایی نشوند، مقام استانداردگذار قادر به شناسایی و تأیید این کالاها نخواهد بود. این مقاله با روش توصیفی و تحلیل حقوقی درصدد بررسی این مسئله است که چه معیارهایی را می‌توان برای شناسایی و استانداردگذاری کالاهای سبز ارائه کرد. در این زمینه ابتدا تعاریف موجود از کالاهای سبز بررسی و سپس با توجه به این تعاریف چهار معیار اساسی برای شناسایی این کالاها ارائه می‌شود، یعنی تعدیل مصرف مواد خام و انرژی و کاهش استفاده از مواد زیانبار در ساخت کالا، کاهش سطح آلایندگی و مصرف انرژی و کاهش سطح تولید پسماند. نتیجه آنکه با وجود برخی تحولات حقوقی در زمینۀ شناسایی و استانداردگذاری کالاهای سبز در شماری از کشورها، در حقوق ایران سازوکارهای مقتضی برای این اقدام اساسی در توسعه و ترویج کالاهای سبز ایجاد نشده است و معیارهایی برای شناسایی کالاهای سبز وجود ندارد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Eco-labeling Criteria of Green Products in Product Regulation

نویسنده [English]

  • Masoud Faryadi

Associate Prof., Department of Law, Faculty of Law & Political Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

چکیده [English]

One of the ways to support green products is standardization and eco-labeling in order to distinguish these products from other products and benefit from state incentives. However, since green products are still unknown in the market, their standardization needs specific criteria for recognition of these products to help the standardization organization to correctly approve a product as a green one. Based on a descriptive-analytical method, this paper tries to find out the necessary criteria for recognition and standardization of the green products. It examines the provided definitions of the green products and then provide four criteria for recognition of which i.e. mitigation of row materials and energy use, reduction in toxic materials in composition of the products, efficient energy intensity and reduction of waste. The paper concludes that in spite of the recent developments in legal recognition and protection of the green products in some countries, the Iranian legal system provides no special criteria and mechanisms for legal recognition and eco-labeling of these products. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eco-labeling
  • environmental protection
  • green products
  • standardization
  • product regulation
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